Overview Industrial silicon, also known as metallic silicon or crystalline silicon, is an important industrial raw material. Its main component is silicon element, and the content is generally around 98%. In recent years, products containing 99.99% Si have appeared on the market. The rest of industrial silicon is mainly composed of impurities such as iron, aluminum, and calcium. Industrial silicon is divided into various specifications due to its different uses. Common grades include 553, 441, etc. These grades represent the maximum content of the main impurity elements iron, aluminum, and calcium in the product. Industrial silicon is widely used in many fields such as metallurgy, chemical industry, machinery, electrical appliances, and aviation. The chemical composition of industrial silicon mainly exists in the form of silicon element, and the content is usually above 98.7%. In addition, it also contains a small amount of impurities such as iron, aluminum, and calcium. The physical properties of industrial silicon are high hardness, high melting point, good heat resistance, and high resistivity. At the same time, it is non-conductive below 650°C and can be used as an insulating material; it begins to conduct electricity above 650°C, and its conductivity continues to increase with the increase of temperature. Global Industrial Silicon Production Pattern and Trade Flow At present, the global industrial silicon production capacity is concentrated in China, Brazil, Norway, the United States, Russia and other countries. Among them, Brazil and the United States have high-quality silicon ore resources, and Norway has abundant hydropower resources. The growth of China's industrial silicon production capacity is mainly contributed by domestic production capacity. China has an inherent production cost advantage and has been ranked first in the world for many years. China, Brazil, Norway and other countries are not only the main producers of industrial silicon, but also the main exporters. In 2021, China's industrial silicon (including 97 silicon and silicon) production accounted for 78% of the world, and Brazil (7%), Norway (6%), the United States (3%), France (3%) and other countries also have a certain output. The production of industrial silicon mainly adopts the submerged arc furnace method, which uses the arc energy between electrodes to melt the metal. It is the main process for the production of industrial silicon in China. During the production process, silica and carbonaceous reducing agent are first placed in the submerged arc furnace, and industrial silicon liquid is generated through high-temperature reduction reaction, and then block or granular industrial silicon is generated through casting, cooling, crushing and other steps. Market Application of Industrial Silicon Due to its special physical and chemical properties, industrial silicon has a wide range of applications in many fields. The following are the applications of industrial silicon in different fields: Photovoltaic industry Industrial silicon plays an important role in the photovoltaic industry. Polycrystalline silicon and monocrystalline silicon panels are the core components of solar photovoltaic power generation, and high-quality industrial silicon is an indispensable raw material in the preparation of these materials. Industrial silicon is purified through a series of processes to generate polycrystalline silicon and monocrystalline silicon for use in the photovoltaic industry and the electronics industry. Crystalline silicon cells are mainly used in solar rooftop power stations, commercial power stations and urban power stations with high land costs. They are the most technologically mature and widely used solar photovoltaic products, accounting for more than 80% of the world's photovoltaic market. Semiconductor industry In the field of semiconductor manufacturing, the high purity of industrial silicon ensures the reliability and stability of the semiconductor manufacturing process. Industrial silicon is the basic material of semiconductor chips, and the presence of any impurities will affect the quality and performance of the chips. Industrial silicon can produce high-quality silicon wafers through melting and crystal growth technology, which are used to manufacture electronic devices such as transistors and integrated circuits. Aluminum alloy manufacturing Industrial silicon plays a key role in the production process of aluminum alloys. As an alloying element, industrial silicon can adjust the properties of aluminum alloys by controlling the amount of addition, such as improving hardness, strength and wear resistance. In addition, industrial silicon can also improve the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys, making them perform better in high temperature and corrosive environments. Aerospace Industrial silicon is used to manufacture high-performance structural materials in the aerospace field due to its characteristics such as light weight, high strength and high temperature stability. For example, in the outer shell material of spacecraft, industrial silicon can provide excellent resistance to thermal stress and can also resist high-speed wear. Industrial silicon can also be prepared into high-strength spacecraft parts, such as engine turbine blades. Chemical industry In the chemical industry, industrial silicon can be used as key raw materials such as catalysts, fillers and fire retardants. For example, catalysts can reduce the activation energy of the reaction, increase the reaction rate and selectivity; fillers can increase the contact area of ​​the reactants and improve the reaction efficiency; fire retardants can improve the fire resistance of the material and reduce the occurrence of fire accidents. New energy vehicles In the field of new energy vehicles, industrial silicon is widely used in the manufacture of key components such as batteries, motors and electronic controls. The high energy density and stability of industrial silicon make it an ideal material for new energy vehicle batteries. Construction and electronics Industrial silicon is also used in building sealing materials and waterproof materials, as well as in the field of electronics and electrical insulation. For example, silicone rubber has good high temperature resistance and is used to make medical supplies, high temperature resistant gaskets, etc. Sorting of Industrial Silicon As an important industrial raw material, the sorting technology of industrial silicon plays a vital role in ensuring product quality and improving resource utilization. The sorting technology of industrial silicon mainly includes two categories: physical methods and chemical methods. Physical methods are mainly based on the physical properties of minerals, such as density, conductivity, magnetism, etc. for sorting. Chemical methods use the differences in the chemical properties of minerals for separation. In practical applications, multiple methods are often combined to achieve the best sorting effect. Physical sorting technology Physical sorting technology mainly includes heavy medium beneficiation, flotation, magnetic separation and electrostatic separation. Heavy medium beneficiation uses the difference in mineral density to achieve separation; flotation relies on the chemical properties of the mineral surface for separation; magnetic separation uses the difference in the magnetic properties of minerals for sorting; and electrostatic separation uses the difference in the electrical properties of minerals for sorting. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and are suitable for different types of ores and sorting requirements. Chemical sorting technology Chemical sorting technology includes acid-base leaching, solvent extraction and other methods. These methods are mainly used to process ores that are difficult to effectively sort by physical methods, especially when the ore contains fine particles or film-like impurities that are difficult to separate by physical methods. New sorting technology In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology, new sorting technologies have gradually been applied to the sorting process of industrial silicon. For example, artificial intelligence sorting technology achieves higher-precision sorting by identifying the multi-dimensional three-dimensional characteristics of silicon slag and establishing a model. In addition, color sorting technology is also used in the purification of silica raw materials. By distinguishing the difference in color, sorting is carried out, which effectively improves the purity of silica. Since its establishment in 2014, Hefei Mingde Technology Co., Ltd. has been a high-tech enterprise dedicated to the research and development, design, production, sales and service of ore sorting equipment. The current main products include ore sorting machine, AI intelligent sorting machine, X-ray intelligent sorting machine, foreign body removal robot and mining automation production line, etc. AI Ore Sorting Machine Among them, the AI ​​intelligent sorting machine produced by the company can accurately extract the surface features of industrial silicon, conduct deep learning to form a model, and match the industrial silicon with the existing model in the subsequent sorting, so as to achieve accurate sorting. At present, the machine has been put into the actual production of industrial silicon and has received very good market response. Heavy Duty AI Ore Sorting Machine As an important industrial raw material, industrial silicon plays an indispensable role in modern industry. From its production process to application field, to market status and development trend, industrial silicon has demonstrated its unique value and broad development prospects. With the continuous advancement of technology and changes in market demand, the industrial silicon industry will continue to maintain a rapid development trend and make greater contributions to the development of human society.

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3 for short) is an inorganic compound, commonly in the form of white solid powder or granules, and is one of the most abundant substances on earth. It is widely distributed in nature and is the main component of rocks, corals, pearls and the shells of many organisms. Calcium carbonate is chemically insoluble in water, but can release carbon dioxide gas in an acidic environment. Calcium carbonate can be divided into several types according to different production methods, particle size, morphology and uses. The focus of this discussion is to understand the difference between heavy calcium carbonate and light calcium carbonate, both of which are widely used in industrial applications. Heavy calcium carbonate Heavy calcium carbonate (GCC for short) is made by physical methods, usually mechanical crushing of natural minerals such as calcite, limestone, chalk, and shells. It is characterized by irregular particle shape, wide particle size distribution, and an average particle size of 5-10μm. Heavy calcium carbonate has a large bulk density, generally between 0.8-1.3g/cm³, and a low oil absorption value, generally 40-60mL/100g. Light calcium carbonate Light calcium carbonate (PCC for short) is produced by chemical precipitation. Its particles are regular in shape and can be regarded as monodisperse powders. The particle size distribution is narrow and the average particle size is generally 1-3μm. The bulk density of light calcium carbonate is small, generally between 0.5-0.7g/cm³, and the oil absorption value is high, generally 60-90mL/100g. Active calcium carbonate Active calcium carbonate is obtained by surface modification on the basis of ordinary calcium carbonate. It is hydrophobic and suitable for occasions with specific needs. Difference Production method: Heavy calcium carbonate is mainly produced by physical crushing, while light calcium carbonate is produced by chemical precipitation. Particle size and shape: The particle size and shape of heavy calcium carbonate are irregular, while the particle size and shape of light calcium carbonate are regular. Bulk density: The bulk density of heavy calcium carbonate is greater than that of light calcium carbonate. Oil absorption value: The oil absorption value of heavy calcium carbonate is lower, while the oil absorption value of light calcium carbonate is higher. Whiteness: The whiteness of light calcium carbonate is generally higher than that of heavy calcium carbonate. Surface modification: Activated calcium carbonate has been surface modified and is hydrophobic. Industrial application Calcium carbonate is widely used in industry. It can be summarized into the following major areas: 1. Rubber industry In the rubber industry, calcium carbonate is used as a filler and reinforcing agent in large quantities. It can effectively improve the hardness, wear resistance, tensile strength, tear resistance and aging resistance of rubber. In addition, calcium carbonate also helps to reduce production costs and increase the output of rubber products. 2. Plastic industry In the plastic industry, calcium carbonate also plays an important role. It can improve the hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance and weather resistance of plastics, while also reducing production costs and improving production efficiency. 3. Construction industry In the construction industry, calcium carbonate, as a raw material for cement, can significantly improve the compressive strength, flexural strength and durability of cement. It can also improve the construction performance of cement and improve the seismic performance of buildings. 4. Agricultural field In the agricultural field, calcium carbonate is used as a fertilizer and feed additive, which can improve the disease resistance of crops, promote root growth and soil acid-base balance, and also improve the yield and quality of crops. 5. Medical field In the medical field, calcium carbonate is used as a calcium supplement and antacid to treat diseases such as osteoporosis and rickets. It can also be used as a pharmaceutical excipient for the manufacture of tablets, capsules and injections. 6. Environmental protection field In the environmental protection field, calcium carbonate is used as an adsorbent and precipitant to remove harmful substances from water, reduce the hardness of water bodies, and improve water quality. It can also be used in waste gas treatment and soil remediation. 7. Cosmetic industry In the cosmetics industry, calcium carbonate is used as an additive for beauty products, which can improve skin texture, increase skin elasticity, and make the skin smoother and more delicate. 8. Other fields In addition to the above application fields, calcium carbonate is also widely used in ceramics, glass, pigments and other industries. It can improve the hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and transparency of materials and other performance indicators. Processing Processing of light calcium carbonate Light calcium carbonate is produced by chemical reaction precipitation. Its production process mainly includes: Calcination stage: calcine the limestone raw material to generate calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. Digestion stage: put the calcined calcium oxide into a continuous digester and add water to digest it to obtain calcium hydroxide emulsion. Carbonization stage: react the calcium hydroxide emulsion with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate precipitation. Dehydration and drying stage: dehydrate and dry the calcium carbonate precipitation to obtain dry calcium carbonate powder. Crushing and screening stage: crush and grade the dried calcium carbonate through crushing and screening equipment to obtain the product of the required fineness. Packaging stage: package the graded calcium carbonate powder to obtain the final product. Processing of heavy calcium carbonate The production process of heavy calcium carbonate generally includes the following steps: Crushing: use a crusher to coarsely crush raw materials such as calcite for subsequent fine grinding. Sorting: generally use hand selection, magnetic separation equipment or photoelectric separation equipment to remove impurities from the ore. CCD Sensor Based Ore Color Separator The color sorter and artificial intelligence sorting launched by Mingde Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. have excellent performance in the sorting of heavy calcium carbonate. They can accurately compare the sorted materials according to the surface characteristics of the ore to achieve accurate sorting. AI Sorting Machine The heavy-duty sorting machine launched by the company can sort large-particle ore, which not only avoids over-crushing of the ore, but also increases the output of ore sorting. Heavy Duty AI Sorting Machine Fine grinding: Fine grinding is carried out by Raymond mill, pendulum mill, roller mill and other equipment to obtain fine limestone powder. Classification: The powder is graded by the classifier, and the powder that meets the particle size requirements is packaged and stored as a product, and the powder that does not meet the requirements is returned to the mill for re-grinding. Packaging and storage: The powder that meets the particle size requirements is packaged and stored to complete the entire production process. As a multifunctional and widely used material, calcium carbonate not only plays an important role in the traditional industrial field, but also shows new possibilities in emerging fields. With the development of science and technology, the application prospects of calcium carbonate will be broader.

1. Overview Pebble is a pure natural stone with the main chemical composition of silicon dioxide, in addition to a small amount of iron oxide and other trace elements. This stone has undergone hundreds of millions of years of geological changes, including crustal movement, mountain torrent impact, and continuous extrusion and friction during water transportation, and finally formed a rounded and smooth shape and irregular edges and corners. The colors of pebbles are rich and varied, including black, white, yellow, red, dark green and blue-gray. Pebbles are widely used and can be used as building materials, such as paving roads, courtyard decoration, garden landscaping, etc. At the same time, it is also used as an industrial raw material, such as filter material or support layer in water treatment and power engineering. In addition, pebbles have been proven to be beneficial to the human body. For example, a study in the United States found that elderly people who often walk on cobblestone paths can help lower blood pressure and improve their body's balance ability. The physical properties of pebbles make them an ideal construction material. Its hardness is generally level 7, its density is about 2.66, and its silicon content is as high as 98.5%. Pebbles have good compression resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and the surface finish is high, which can reach 98%. These characteristics make pebbles show excellent stability and durability in various environments. 2. Industrial application In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the application of pebbles is no longer limited to the traditional decoration and gardening fields, and its importance in industrial production has become increasingly prominent. Construction industry In the construction industry, pebbles are mainly used to produce machine-made sand, which is a new type of building material that replaces natural sand. The production of machine-made sand not only solves the problem of shortage of natural sand resources, but also can produce construction sand with uniform particle size and stable quality through scientific crushing and screening processes. Water treatment industry In the field of water treatment, pebbles are used as filter materials to filter impurities in water and improve water quality. Especially in the sewage treatment process, pebbles can be used as a filler layer to help remove pollutants in the water and improve sewage treatment efficiency. Power industry In the power industry, pebbles can be used as cooling materials for transformers, or as a cushion under the transformer of a power plant to improve heat dissipation efficiency and stability. Metallurgical industry In the metallurgical industry, pebbles can be used as a fine crushing process before grinding to produce metal powder or other metallurgical materials. Chemical and other industries Pebble is also used as raw material or auxiliary material in chemical, ceramic, papermaking, grinding and other industries, providing a variety of choices for these industries. Semiconductor industry The demand for pebbles in the semiconductor industry is mainly concentrated in the preparation of high-purity quartz sand. Pebbles contain high silicon dioxide, which can be converted into high-purity quartz sand through specific process treatment, and then used to manufacture silicon materials required for semiconductors. 3. Processing of pebbles Mining Pebble mining is mainly divided into open-pit mining and underground mining. Open-pit mining is suitable for pebble resources on the surface or near the surface, while underground mining is suitable for deep underground veins. In the mining process, commonly used equipment includes drilling equipment, blasting equipment and mining equipment. Drilling equipment is used for geological exploration and sampling analysis, blasting equipment is used to blast stone bodies, and mining equipment is used to mine stone from underground or on the surface. Crushing Pebble crushing technology mainly includes jaw crusher, cone crusher, impact crusher and other equipment. Among them, jaw crusher is widely used in coarse crushing of pebbles due to its simple structure and large crushing ratio; cone crusher is suitable for fine crushing of stones with medium hardness or above; impact crusher replaces traditional crushing equipment in some occasions due to its high crushing efficiency and good product particle shape. Sorting Pebble sorting is an important step because it directly affects the quality and subsequent use of pebbles. Sorting methods usually involve physical and chemical methods, as well as the application of modern technology. Physical sorting methods Physical sorting methods are mainly based on the physical properties of pebbles, such as shape, size, density and magnetism. These methods include but are not limited to: Visual sorting: This is the oldest method, which distinguishes different types of pebbles by manual selection. Water flow sorting: Use water flow to separate lighter pebbles from other materials. Wind sorting: Use wind power to blow away lightweight materials, leaving heavier pebbles. Vibration sorting: Separate pebbles of different sizes through a vibrating screen. Magnetic sorting: Use magnetic force to separate pebbles containing magnetic substances from other substances. Chemical sorting methods Chemical sorting methods are mainly based on the chemical composition of pebbles. These methods include but are not limited to: Pickling: Use acidic solutions to dissolve certain components and leave the desired pebbles. Solvent extraction: Use specific solvents to dissolve unwanted substances and achieve separation. Application of modern technology Modern technology plays an increasingly important role in pebble sorting, especially the application of artificial intelligence and automation technology. These technologies include: Photoelectric sorting: Use optical properties to identify pebbles of different colors and sort them. Machine learning and image recognition: Analyze the image data of pebbles through machine learning algorithms to automatically distinguish different types. X-ray fluorescence sorting: Use X-rays to detect the elemental composition inside the pebbles for accurate sorting. As a leader in the field of ore photoelectric sorting, Mingde Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. has been committed to the research and development, production and sales of photoelectric sorting equipment since its establishment in 2014. It has successively launched ore photoelectric sorting machines, AI ore sorting machines, X-ray intelligent sorting machines and heavy-duty intelligent sorting machines, and has made great progress in the field of photoelectric sorting of ore. The machines it produces can propose the surface characteristics and internal structures of pebbles for deep learning to form a sorting model, and accurately distinguish them according to the differences in ore characteristics during the sorting process to achieve effective sorting. CCD Sensor Based Ore Color Separator Among them, the AI ​​ore sorting machine is particularly effective in the field of pebble ore sorting and is deeply loved by customers. AI Ore Sorting Machine 4. Summary In summary, pebbles play an important role in various fields with their unique natural properties and diverse forms. From the beautification of garden landscapes to sustainable agricultural planting, to construction and environmental protection, the application of pebbles shows the possibility of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. With the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of people's living standards, we have reason to believe that pebbles will play a more important role in future development.

Gold has always been a dazzling word. It is a symbol of wealth and power, and it also carries the profound connotation of culture, history and religion. At present, the main sources of gold are mining, recycling, sale and leasing by central banks and international organizations, and seabed mining. Mining has always been the most traditional and stable source of gold, accounting for about 70% of the entire gold market. Gold mines are widely distributed, and there are gold resources in many countries and regions around the world. According to the latest information, gold resources are mainly concentrated in Africa, Asia, South America, North America and Australia. Among them, Africa has the richest gold resources, and South Africa, Ghana, Senegal and other countries are the main gold production areas in Africa. Asia, especially China, Russia and India, also has a large amount of gold resources. Brazil, Peru and Colombia in South America are also important gold production areas. Canada and the United States in North America are the main gold production areas, and Australia is one of the most important gold resource countries in the world. Gold mining is a complex and technology-intensive process, involving multiple links from exploration, mining, beneficiation to smelting. Gold mining requires not only advanced equipment and technology, but also environmental protection and safety production requirements. Exploration is the first step in gold mining. The location and reserves of gold mines are determined through geological exploration technology. Preparatory work before mining includes infrastructure construction, such as building roads and setting up necessary facilities. There are two main mining methods: open-pit mining and underground mining. Open-pit mining is suitable for surface deposits, while underground mining is suitable for deeper ore bodies. During the mining process, commonly used equipment includes drilling machines, blasting equipment and mine cars. Ore dressing is to process the mined ore to extract the gold. Ore dressing processes include crushing, grinding, screening, gravity separation and flotation. Crushing and grinding are to reduce the particle size of the ore for subsequent processing; screening is to separate ores of different particle sizes; gravity separation and flotation are to separate gold and other minerals by physical and chemical methods. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, photoelectric separation has also become an important way of gold ore separation. It detects minerals through photoelectric sensors based on the optical properties of minerals, such as color, texture, gloss, shape, etc., to achieve mineral sorting. Photoelectric sorting technology is developed on the basis of traditional mineral processing technology. It has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, and energy saving. The sorting equipment mainly consists of four parts. Feeding system: Through the vibrating feeder and crawler, the materials to be sorted are fed into the detection area of ​​the photoelectric system at a constant speed to ensure the stability of the sorting effect. Photoelectric system: It consists of a light source, a background plate, a sensor or an X-ray source, and a transmission plate. By collecting the comprehensive characteristics of the ore surface or the density difference, the ore is imaged in high definition, and the sensor is converted into an electrical signal to convey it to the electronic control system. Control system: Receives the electrical signal transmitted by the photoelectric system, identifies and analyzes it, and through model training and learning, intelligently identifies and compares good and bad ores, and realizes the identification and sorting of non-massive ore data. Sorting system: According to the instructions of the electronic control system, the defective products are blown into the defective product tank through the spray valve to achieve the sorting purpose. AI Ore Sorting Machine The advantage of photoelectric sorting technology for gold mines is that it can improve the efficiency and accuracy of mineral processing while reducing environmental pollution. Compared with traditional physical and chemical mineral processing, photoelectric mineral processing has lower energy consumption, and the cost of mineral processing per ton is about 1 yuan, which is much lower than the average cost of traditional methods. In addition, photoelectric mineral processing has zero pollution to the environment and is a greener way of mineral processing. Hefei Mingde Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. has been focusing on the research and development, production and sales of photoelectric sorting equipment since its establishment. For gold mine sorting, the company currently has two main equipment solutions to choose from: for those gold mines with better dissociation and obvious surface characteristics of ore and impurities, the company's AI intelligent sorting machine can achieve effective sorting. For gold mines with good ores and impurity surface characteristics that are not obvious, the company has launched an X-ray intelligent sorting machine, which can combine the analysis of different densities of ore and impurities to achieve gold mine sorting. X-ray Intelligent Ore Sorting Machine Gold mines are an important natural resource, and their mining and processing have a profound impact on the national economy and the global market. With the advancement of science and technology and changes in market demand, gold mining and mineral processing technologies continue to develop and innovate to adapt to more efficient and environmentally friendly mining models. At the same time, as a metal with multiple functions, gold's position in the field of financial investment cannot be ignored. In the future, as the global economic landscape evolves, the gold mining industry and its related investment products will continue to play an important role on the international stage.

Ore sorting experiment is a key link in the processing of mineral resources, which involves knowledge in multiple fields such as physics and chemistry. Through experiments, the optimal mineral processing process, equipment configuration and operating conditions can be determined, thereby improving the grade and recovery rate of ore and reducing production costs. Ore sorting experiment is a key process in mining engineering, which involves a series of complex processes such as ore crushing, grinding, screening, and sorting. So how can we do a good job in ore sorting experiment? First of all, if we want to do a good ore sorting experiment, we need to know what factors will affect the accuracy of the ore sorting experiment? Only by clarifying the influencing factors can we avoid errors and solve problems in a targeted manner. There are many factors that affect the accuracy of ore sorting experiments, which can be analyzed from the following aspects: Ore properties The physical and chemical properties of ore are the primary factors affecting the accuracy of mineral processing tests. The complexity of ore composition, the embedding characteristics of minerals, the particle size distribution, and the density difference will all affect the sorting effect. For example, the content of associated minerals and impurities in the ore, the structural structure of the ore, and the particle size and shape of the ore will all affect the sorting process. Experimental conditions The stability of the experimental conditions is crucial to the accuracy of the experimental results. The stability of the laboratory environment and equipment, such as temperature, humidity, vibration, etc., may affect the accuracy of ore sorting. In addition, the technical level and experience of the experimental operators also have a significant impact on the experimental results. Data analysis A large amount of experimental data needs to be accurately analyzed and processed to ensure the reliability of the results. The accuracy of data analysis depends on the accuracy of the analytical methods and tools used. The use of advanced data analysis software and methods, such as statistical analysis, simulation and optimization design, can improve the accuracy and reliability of data analysis. Process parameters Process parameters, such as crushing fineness, have a direct impact on the mineral processing effect. Crushing fineness determines the degree of dissociation of minerals. Environmental factors Environmental factors, including the geographical location of the mine, climatic conditions, and water sources, will also affect the operating status of the mineral processing equipment and the effect of the reagents. Equipment performance The performance and configuration of mineral processing equipment directly affect the mineral processing efficiency and the quality of the final product. The stability, accuracy and automation of the equipment are all key factors affecting the effect of mineral processing. These factors will more or less affect the results of the ore sorting experiment. To improve the accuracy of the ore sorting experiment, it is necessary to comprehensively consider and optimize these aspects. For the above-mentioned influencing factors, we can make preparations before and during sorting. Before conducting an ore sorting experiment, it is necessary to make adequate preparations to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results. The following is a detailed introduction to the preparations that need to be done before the experiment. Ore property research Before conducting an ore sorting experiment, it is necessary to first conduct a comprehensive property study on the ore. This includes spectral analysis, multi-element analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis of the ore to identify the beneficial and harmful elemental components in the ore. In addition, it is necessary to conduct phase analysis of the valuable and harmful elements in the sample to provide guidance for the process flow. The determination of the physical properties of the sample, such as dissociation degree, hardness, true density, loose density, grindability, etc., is also essential. Sample preparation The representativeness of the sample is crucial to the accuracy of the experimental results. It is necessary to provide representative samples, the quantity of which is usually not less than 200 kg, and even more than 500 kg is required depending on the specific situation of the gold ore sample. If the samples come from multiple veins (belts, points), each ore point needs to be sampled separately, and each point sample must be no less than 50 to 100 kg. The sampling should be carried out by the technical personnel of geology, mining and mineral processing to avoid unilateral operation. Equipment inspection and maintenance Before the experiment, all equipment should be inspected in detail to ensure that they can operate normally. The stability of the equipment directly affects the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data, so any potential problems must be solved before the experiment begins. After the preparation work, we will really start to enter the ore sorting experiment. When designing an ore sorting experiment, choosing the right crushing and grading equipment is a key step to ensure the success of the experiment. Crushing The selection of crushing and grading equipment needs to be based on the physical and chemical properties of the ore, production capacity and efficiency requirements, equipment durability and maintenance convenience. Selection of crushing equipment Crushing equipment mainly includes jaw crusher, hammer crusher, gyratory crusher, etc. Jaw crushers are suitable for primary crushing, especially for handling ores with higher hardness; hammer crushers are suitable for crushing softer ores. The performance of crushing equipment depends largely on its parameter settings, such as speed, discharge port width and crushing cavity type. The optimization of these parameters can improve the crushing efficiency and material passing capacity of the equipment. Selection of grading equipment Grading equipment is used to classify ground ore. Common ones include spiral classifiers and hydrocyclones. The spiral classifier uses the difference in the settling speed of particles to classify and lift the ore through the rotation of the spiral. The hydrocyclone is suitable for fine screening of fine-grained ores. It is characterized by high vibration frequency, high screening efficiency and high screening rate. Comprehensive considerations When selecting crushing and grinding equipment, in addition to the characteristics of the above equipment itself, the following factors need to be considered: Ore characteristics: hardness, brittleness, moisture content, etc. will affect the selection of equipment. Production capacity and efficiency requirements: The processing capacity of the equipment directly affects the processing speed and output of the ore. Equipment durability and maintenance cost: Equipment with good wear resistance can significantly extend its service life and reduce maintenance costs. Ease of operation: Equipment with easy operation can reduce training time and improve production efficiency. Environmental protection requirements: With the increasingly stringent environmental protection standards, the environmental protection performance of equipment has also become an important consideration for selection. After crushing and screening the ore, the next step is the phased experiment. Phase experiment We need to select different photoelectric sorting equipment according to the different characteristics of the ore. Generally speaking, for metal ores with unclear surface features, we recommend that you choose an X-ray intelligent sorting machine for experiment. The X-ray intelligent sorting machine can obtain different imaging effects through the different penetration capabilities of X-rays in ores of different densities, and sort the ore according to the imaging results. For ores with obvious color features, we can choose a ore color sorter for experiment. For other ores with obvious surface features, we can choose an AI intelligent machine for sorting experiments. In addition, for ore samples of different particle sizes, the selected machine models are also different. For customers, in choosing a suitable photoelectric sorting machine, it is mainly based on the properties of the ore itself and its own sorting requirements. After crushing and screening the ore, the X intelligent sorter and AI intelligent sorter collect images of the ore through high-definition cameras, and then use machine vision technology to process and analyze the images. After deep learning algorithms, a large amount of ore sample data is trained to establish a model for ore identification and classification. This model can self-learn and optimize, identify the color, shape, texture and other characteristics of the ore, and realize automatic identification and sorting of ore types. Before the formal sorting, the machine needs some time to process and sort the collected ore images, so we need to wait patiently. During the phased experiment of machine sorting, we need to repeat it many times under different conditions and record relevant data to verify the stability and reliability of the beneficiation effect. After the phased experiment, we need to organize and interpret the data collected during the experiment to determine the optimal beneficiation process and equipment configuration of the ore. Data analysis can be carried out using statistical methods and software tools to provide a basis for in-depth data understanding and process optimization, so as to select suitable photoelectric sorting equipment.

I. Overview Ore sorting technology refers to the technology of classifying and separating ores by using various sensing technologies and physical property differences. With the advancement of science and technology, ore sorting technology has evolved from traditional manual sorting, mechanical sorting to modern flotation, electric sorting, intelligent sorting and other stages. Ore sorting technology is one of the key technologies in the mining field, which directly affects the utilization efficiency of ore and the economic benefits of enterprises. At present, global ore sorting technology is in a period of rapid development. New technologies such as X-ray fluorescence sorting and near-infrared sorting are being widely studied and applied to improve the efficiency and accuracy of ore sorting while reducing the impact on the environment. II. Current status of global ore sorting technology The development of global ore sorting technology is currently diversified and concentrated. The following is an overview of the development of ore sorting technology in some key countries and regions: North America The United States and Canada have relatively advanced technologies in the field of ore sorting technology, especially in intelligent sorting technology and automated control systems. Europe Europe has also made significant progress in ore sorting technology, especially the research and application of X-ray fluorescence sorting (XRF) and near-infrared sorting (NIR) technologies. These technologies have played an important role in improving the accuracy and efficiency of ore sorting. Asia Ore sorting technology in Asia has developed rapidly, especially China and Japan have invested a lot of R&D resources in ore sorting technology. As the world's largest ore consumer, the development of China's ore sorting technology is of great significance to improving the utilization efficiency of mineral resources and reducing environmental pollution. Japan has outstanding performance in the innovation and application of ore sorting technology. South America Brazil in South America has also made breakthroughs in ore sorting technology, especially in iron ore beneficiation technology. Brazil is an important iron ore producer and exporter in the world, and the development of its ore sorting technology has an important impact on the global market. Africa The development of ore sorting technology in Africa is relatively slow, but with the continuous deepening of resource development, African countries have also begun to pay attention to the research and application of ore sorting technology. Middle East Saudi Arabia and Qatar in the Middle East have also made some progress in ore sorting technology, especially in the mining and sorting of oil and gas resources. III. Global ore sorting development trends With the continuous advancement of science and technology, ore sorting technology is also developing and innovating. Automation and intelligence Automation and intelligence are the main development trends of ore sorting technology. Automation technology can improve the efficiency and accuracy of the sorting process by reducing human intervention. For example, through the automated control system, real-time monitoring and adjustment of ore sorting equipment can be achieved to optimize the overall workflow. Intelligence involves the application of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data analysis, which can help mining companies make more accurate predictions and analyses of ore properties, thereby improving the effect of mineral processing. Environmental protection and energy saving With the increasingly stringent global environmental regulations, ore sorting technology is developing in the direction of environmental protection and energy saving. For example, biological mineral processing is an emerging environmental protection technology that uses organisms to selectively separate minerals, with the characteristics of low energy consumption and low pollution. In addition, low-carbon emission processes are also a hot topic in current research, which can reduce carbon emissions by adopting new energy equipment or optimizing combustion systems to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Efficient ore sorting equipment The research and development and use of efficient and energy-saving ore dressing equipment is an important branch of ore sorting technology. For example, the advancement of magnetic separator technology, including high-gradient magnetic separation technology and superconducting magnetic separation technology, can not only improve the recovery rate of weakly magnetic iron ore, but also effectively separate non-magnetic impurities and improve the quality of concentrate. The optimization of flotation equipment, such as the introduction of automatic control systems and the development of flotation reagents, is also the key to improving ore dressing efficiency. Comprehensive utilization and waste treatment Resource recycling and waste treatment is another important development direction of ore sorting technology. New tailings treatment technologies, such as tailings dry stacking technology, can effectively avoid the risk of tailings pond collapse and reduce environmental pollution. In addition, the development of tailings processing technology allows some valuable metals to be extracted again from tailings to achieve resource recycling. Since its establishment in 2014, Hefei Mingde Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. has been committed to the research and development, production and sales of ore photoelectric sorting technology and equipment. With the development and major breakthroughs of AI technology, Mingde Optoelectronics has kept up with the world's technological frontier, creatively introduced relevant technologies in the field of ore photoelectric sorting, and launched AI ore sorting machines with better sorting effects, which greatly broadened the scope of application of photoelectric sorting equipment for ores. It has been successfully applied in gold and molybdenum mines, especially in the sorting of pegmatite quartz. AI Intelligent Ore Sorting Machine In 2022, the company further launched an AI heavy-duty intelligent sorting machine, pushing the machine's output to 200 tons/hour, meeting the requirements of mining companies for large-scale ore sorting. Heavy Duty AI Sorting Mahcine Overall, ore sorting technology in various parts of the world has made more or less progress, but due to the complexity and diversity of ore sorting technology and different national conditions of various countries, there are still differences in the development level of various regions. Among them, Europe, the United States and Japan still have technical advantages in the field of ore sorting. China's ore sorting technology has developed rapidly in recent years and has strong practicality and economy. As for the future development trend of ore sorting technology, it will focus on automation and intelligence, environmental protection and energy saving, efficient mineral processing equipment, and comprehensive utilization and waste treatment. The development of these technologies will help improve the utilization rate of ore, reduce production costs, while reducing the impact on the environment and achieving sustainable development of the mining industry.

I. Overview Mica is an important industrial mineral with a layered structure and good physical and chemical properties, so it has a wide range of applications in many fields. There are many types of mica, including but not limited to muscovite, phlogopite, biotite, lepidolite, etc. Each type of mica has its own specific composition and properties, which determines their application in different fields. Mica belongs to the layered structure of the monoclinic system, and its chemical formula is KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2. Its hardness is generally between 2.5-4, and its specific gravity is about 2.77-2.88g/cm³. Mica crystals are usually plate-shaped pseudo-hexagonal, transparent to translucent, with a very complete set of bottom cleavage, so they can be easily peeled into thin sheets. These thin sheets have significant elasticity and toughness, and can be bent to a certain extent without breaking easily. Mica minerals can be divided into three subgroups according to chemical composition and optical characteristics: muscovite subgroup, biotite-phlogopite subgroup and lepidolite subgroup. The color can range from colorless to white, and sometimes it can appear light yellow, light green or light red. Its luster is similar to glass or pearl, so it will have a similar effect when observed at a certain angle. In addition, mica has strong insulation and heat resistance, and can maintain stable performance under high temperature conditions, which makes it particularly important in the electronics and electrical industries. The main chemical components of mica include aluminum oxide (Al2O3), iron oxide (Fe2O3), potassium oxide (K2O), etc. In addition to these main elements, mica may also contain trace amounts of sodium, magnesium, iron, lithium, etc., as well as water and oxides. These chemical components give mica different physical properties, such as electrical insulation, heat resistance and chemical stability. II. Global distribution of mica The global distribution of mica mineral resources is relatively wide, and the main production areas include India: India is rich in mica mineral resources, especially in Bihar and Andhra Pradesh, where there are a large number of mica mines. Russia: Russia's mica resources are also very rich, especially in Siberia. China: China's mica resources are mainly distributed in Xinjiang, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia and other provinces, especially in Xinjiang Altai, Sichuan Danba and Inner Mongolia Tuguiwula. Madagascar: This African island country is also an important producer of mica, especially in its northern region. Brazil: Brazil's mica resources are mainly concentrated in the southeastern region. Argentina: Argentina also has certain mica mineral resources. III. Market Application The market application of mica is very wide, including but not limited to the electronics industry, building materials, automobile manufacturing, power equipment, cosmetics, fireproof materials, etc. The application of mica in these fields not only reflects its excellent physical and chemical properties, but also reflects its irreplaceable importance in modern industry and daily life. Electronic Industry In the electronics industry, mica is used as a high-frequency insulation material, especially in high-frequency circuits, where mica has a small dielectric loss and can effectively reduce signal loss. In addition, mica is also used to make printed circuit boards because it can withstand high temperatures without losing its insulation properties. Building Materials In the construction industry, mica is used as an efficient thermal insulation material, which can prevent energy loss caused by the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building. Mica also provides additional fire protection because its layered structure can prevent the spread of flames. Automotive Manufacturing In automotive manufacturing, mica is used as part of the body material to improve the heat resistance and safety of the vehicle. Mica can also be used in brake pads to improve its heat resistance and reduce the heat generated by friction. Power Equipment In power equipment, mica is used as an insulating material, especially for transformers, cables and other power equipment. Mica's high heat resistance and chemical stability make it ideal for these applications. Cosmetics In the cosmetics industry, mica is used as a brightening ingredient to make products look more shiny. In addition, mica's flaky structure helps fill in skin lines and make the skin look smoother. Fireproof Materials In fireproof materials, mica is used as an effective thermal insulation and fire-resistant material. Mica's multi-layered structure can reflect heat back, thereby reducing the damage caused by fire. Ⅳ. Processing Process Complete mica processing involves a series of process flows from the mining, sorting, crushing, grinding of raw ore to the final mica products. This time we will briefly introduce the three links of crushing, sorting and grinding. Crushing The crushing of mica ore is an important link in the mica processing process, which directly affects the subsequent processing and application performance of mica. At present, the main crushing equipment on the market includes jaw crusher, roller crusher, cone crusher and other types, each of which has its specific application scenarios and advantages. The roller crusher plays an important role in the crushing of mica ore. It has the advantages of high crushing ratio, strong processing capacity, low maintenance cost, and precise control of finished product particle shape. By adjusting the roller spacing and crushing pressure, the discharge particle size can be effectively controlled to ensure the integrity of the mica sheet, which is conducive to improving the quality and application value of the product. Jaw crushers are often used in the crushing of lithium mica ore, especially for the initial crushing of large pieces of raw ore, crushing the ore to a suitable feed fineness, creating conditions for subsequent processing. Water jet mill crushing technology is a new type of mica crushing method. It cuts and crushes the material through high-speed jet water flow. It has the advantages of high crushing fineness, high precision, less dust generation and less wear on equipment. The crusher for mica production with a multi-stage crushing structure prepares for later processing through multi-angle crushing to improve work efficiency. The crushing process of mica ore usually includes the mining and screening of raw ore, crushing, screening and grading, and air separation. The specific process includes the use of a jaw crusher for primary crushing, followed by secondary crushing with a roller crusher, and finally a particle size screening by a screening machine to achieve the required particle size distribution. What needs to be paid attention to during the crushing process is the selection and parameter setting of the crushing equipment, as well as the screening and separation effect after crushing. For example, although the water jet mill crushing mica technology has many advantages, it also has the problems of high equipment cost and narrow crushing particle size range, and the mica mineral needs to be pretreated. Sorting The sorting technology of mica is a key link in the processing of mica ore, which is directly related to the quality and output of mica products. The methods of mica sorting mainly include hand sorting, gravity sorting, magnetic separation, flotation and photoelectric sorting. Hand sorting is the oldest and most direct sorting method, which is suitable for the sorting of large mica. Workers can directly pick out the separated mica on the mining face or ore pile. Gravity separation is a method of sorting using the difference in mineral density, which is suitable for coarse-grained mica. Commonly used gravity separation equipment includes jigs, shaking tables and spiral chutes. Magnetic separation is a method of sorting using the difference in mineral magnetic properties, which is mainly used to sort mica containing iron impurities. Magnetic separation equipment mainly includes dry magnetic separators and wet magnetic separators. Flotation is a method of sorting using the difference in physical and chemical properties of the mineral surface. It is currently the most widely used sorting method and is suitable for fine-grained mica. During the flotation process, attention should be paid to factors such as the selection and dosage of reagents, flotation time and concentration. Mica photoelectric sorting technology is a technology that uses optical and electrical properties to classify mica ores. This technology is mainly used in the field of ore processing. By identifying the differences in surface characteristics such as color, texture, and gloss between mica and other minerals, effective separation of mica is achieved. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, photoelectric sorting technology has been widely used in the mining field, especially in the beneficiation process of mica ores, showing significant advantages. Compared with other sorting methods, photoelectric sorting has the characteristics of high efficiency, low cost, environmental protection and high intelligence level. Single-layer AI Ore Sorting Machine In practical applications, photoelectric sorting technology has been proven to effectively improve the beneficiation efficiency of mica ore. For example, Mingde Optoelectronics' photoelectric sorting equipment has achieved high-precision identification and sorting on multiple metal and non-metallic minerals, including lithium mica, spodumene, barite, etc. Double-layer AI Ore Sorting Machine Hefei Mingde Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. has introduced AI and big data technology in the field of photoelectric sorting. The AI intelligent sorting machine launched can accurately extract the surface characteristics of mica ore and realize the accurate sorting of ore and impurities. Grinding The grinding process is carried out after flotation is completed, with the purpose of further refining the mica after flotation to the required particle size. The grinding process usually includes two stages: primary grinding and secondary grinding. By adjusting the grinding medium and time, the fineness and uniformity of mica particles can be effectively controlled. There are two main methods for mica grinding: dry and wet, each of which has its own characteristics and applicable occasions. Dry grinding refers to grinding without adding any liquid. This method is simple to operate and has low cost, but due to the lack of lubrication, the heat generated by grinding may cause damage to the mica crystals, affecting its flaky structure and exfoliation. The equipment commonly used for dry grinding includes Raymond mills, ball mills, etc. Wet grinding is to add an appropriate amount of water or other liquids during the grinding process to protect the mica crystals through liquid lubrication and cooling, reduce heat accumulation, and thus protect the structure of the mica from being destroyed. Wet grinding can obtain mica powder with higher purity and better exfoliation, but it requires an additional drying step, and the equipment investment and energy consumption are relatively high. The processing quality of mica powder is directly related to the performance of the final product, so it is particularly important to choose a suitable mill. The selection of the mill needs to consider the characteristics of mica and the required fineness, purity and other requirements. Key points for selecting a mill Type of mill: According to the physical and chemical properties of mica, as well as the required fineness and purity, you can choose a high-pressure mill, a vertical mill, an ultrafine mill, etc. Grinding efficiency: An efficient mill can improve production efficiency and save energy costs. For example, some grinding mills can increase production by more than 40% through optimized design, while saving 30-40% of electricity consumption costs. Environmental performance: Modern grinding mills emphasize environmental performance and are equipped with pulse dust collectors and other equipment to achieve efficient dust removal and meet environmental protection and noise reduction requirements. Product specifications: The grinding mill should be able to produce mica powder specifications that meet the requirements, such as 325 mesh, 600 mesh and other different finenesses. Process adaptability: The grinding mill should be able to adapt to different grinding processes, such as dry and wet methods, and whether special processes such as acid treatment are required to improve the whiteness of mica powder. Specific equipment recommendation High-pressure grinding mill: Suitable for large-scale production, high-pressure suspension roller grinding mills and other models can be provided, suitable for processing mica ores with higher hardness. Vertical grinding mill: Suitable for large-scale production, with high efficiency and low energy consumption, the product particle size can be adjusted to meet different needs. Ultrafine grinding mill: Suitable for the preparation of ultrafine mica powder, can reach micron-level fineness, suitable for application scenarios with strict requirements on fineness. Airflow mill: suitable for dry grinding, crushing mica through high-speed airflow, suitable for preparing ultrafine powder. This is the introduction of mica. In short, as a multi-purpose mineral, mica is not only widely used in industry, but also plays an important role in scientific research and life. With the development of processing technology and different innovations of new technologies, the application prospects of mica will become broader and broader.

I. Overview Today we will learn about brucite. Brucite is an important non-metallic mineral, belonging to the hydroxide ore. Its main component is magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), which is one of the minerals with a high magnesium content in nature. II. Morphology and Characteristics Brucite is usually a flake or fibrous aggregate, mostly white or light green, colorless and transparent, with glass luster and pearl luster. Its hardness is about 2.5-3, and its relative density is in the range of 2.369-2.39. The chemical properties of brucite are stable, it is easily soluble in hydrochloric acid, it can release water vapor when heated, and it can be converted into other forms of magnesium compounds under certain conditions. III. World Distribution The distribution of brucite in the world is not uniform, mainly concentrated in the following countries and regions: China: China is one of the countries with the richest brucite resources in the world, especially in Fengcheng, Liaoning, Ningqiang, Shaanxi, Ji'an, Jilin, Qilian Mountains, Qinghai, Shimian, Sichuan, Xixia, Henan, and Kuandian, Liaoning. Among them, Liaoning Fengcheng has the highest reserves, reaching 10 million tons, Shaanxi Ningqiang area has proven brucite reserves of 7.8 million tons, and Jilin Ji'an has proven brucite reserves of 2 million tons. Russia: Russia is also a country with abundant brucite resources, especially in the Kulidur area in the south of Xiaoxing'anling, where there are large-scale brucite deposits. Canada: Canada's brucite resources are mainly distributed in Ontario, Quebec and other places. The United States: The brucite resources in the United States are mainly distributed in Nevada, Texas and other places. North Korea: North Korea's brucite resources are mainly distributed in the Bokionton area. Norway: Norway's brucite resources are also distributed to a certain extent. IV. Market Application Brucite has a wide range of applications in many fields due to its unique physical and chemical properties, especially in refractory materials, environmental protection, chemical industry and other fields, showing great potential. In the field of refractory materials, brucite is widely used in the production of refractory materials such as refractory bricks, refractory coatings and lining materials due to its high magnesium content and good refractoriness. Especially in the steel industry, heavy-burned magnesia (brucite) made of brucite is widely used due to its high density (>3.55 g/cm³) and high refractoriness (>2800°C). In the field of environmental protection, brucite can be used for wastewater treatment, especially for the removal of heavy metal ions such as nickel, copper, cadmium, manganese and chromium. In addition, it can also be used as a neutralizing agent for acidic wastewater, and there is a great demand for treating soil contaminated by acid rain and adjusting soil pH. Brucite can also be used as a flue gas desulfurization agent to reduce the harm of high mercury and high sulfur fuels to the environment. In the field of chemical products, brucite can be used as filler and coating for chemical products, especially in the papermaking industry, brucite can be used as filler to improve the whiteness and quality of paper. In addition, brucite also has important applications in the preparation of magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, etc. In the field of flame retardant materials, brucite is used as a flame retardant in the plastics industry due to its halogen-free, non-toxic and highly efficient flame retardant properties. It can effectively absorb heat, reduce the temperature of the combustion system, and slow down the burning rate of the material. The flame retardant mechanism of brucite is that it decomposes and releases crystal water at high temperature, absorbs heat, and reduces the concentration of combustible gas, thereby playing a flame retardant role. In other fields, brucite is also widely used.Brucite is also used to prepare various composite materials, such as composite materials combined with silicon, phosphorus, nitrogen and other elements to improve their performance. In agriculture, brucite can be used to treat beet juice as a decolorizer. In addition, brucite can also be used as a catalyst carrier and catalyst to play a role in chemical reactions. V. Purity and Quality Determination of Brucite As an important industrial mineral, its purity and quality are directly related to the performance and quality of the final product. High-purity brucite can not only improve the performance and quality of the product, but also reduce production costs and improve the market competitiveness of enterprises. Therefore, ensuring the purity and quality of brucite is an important prerequisite for the development of the industry. Generally, brucite can be divided into three grades according to the content of magnesium oxide, as shown in the figure below: VI. Sorting Method The sorting technology of brucite has experienced a development process from traditional hand sorting to mechanical sorting, and then to modern photoelectric sorting and artificial intelligence sorting. In the early days, due to the similar physical and chemical properties of brucite and associated minerals, traditional physical methods were difficult to achieve effective separation. Subsequently, the development of photoelectric mineral processing technology provided new possibilities for the sorting of brucite. By identifying the surface features of the ore such as color and texture, automatic sorting can be achieved to a certain extent. In recent years, with the development of artificial intelligence technology, intelligent sorting equipment can achieve more accurate sorting by learning and identifying the characteristics of the ore. At present, the sorting technology of brucite mainly includes the following aspects: Gravity separation and magnetic separation technology: physical separation is carried out by using the density and magnetic difference between brucite and impurities. Chemical purification method: synthesize brucite through chemical reaction, remove impurities and improve purity. Flotation separation technology: By adding specific adjusters, such as PCE-11 and PDP to strengthen the DDA system, the floatability difference between brucite and serpentine in the flotation process can be expanded to achieve effective separation. Intelligent identification and sorting technology: By introducing advanced image recognition technology and artificial intelligence algorithms, brucite can be efficiently and accurately graded, impurities can be removed, and the quality of the original ore can be improved. For example, the intelligent sorting equipment developed by Mingde Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. can perform multi-dimensional feature recognition and sorting of ores in different size ranges through optoelectronic systems and artificial intelligence algorithms, greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of sorting. AI Intelligent Mineral Sorting Machine Since its establishment in 2014, Hefei Mingde Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. has been professionally researching, producing and selling mining optoelectronic sorting equipment. The staff went deep into mines across China to investigate the difficulties and pain points of mining sorting problems, and developed a batch of precise sorting optoelectronic ore sorting equipment. Among them, the AI ​​intelligent sorting machine has high sorting accuracy and large sorting volume, which is very popular in the market and has significant effects on the sorting application of brucite. In general, brucite sorting technology is developing rapidly towards higher efficiency, lower cost and more environmental protection. With the continuous improvement and promotion of technology, brucite is expected to play a greater role in industrial applications in the future.

Ore sorting is an important link in the mineral processing process, which is directly related to the efficiency and cost of the subsequent mineral processing process. The significance of raw ore sorting is mainly reflected in the following aspects: Improve ore grade: Through sorting, low-grade ore or waste rock can be removed, and the average grade of ore entering the subsequent mineral processing process can be improved, thereby reducing ineffective operations and reducing mineral processing costs. Optimize mineral processing technology: According to the physical properties of the ore, such as specific gravity, magnetism, optical properties, etc., the ore is preliminarily sorted, which can provide better raw materials for the subsequent mineral processing process and improve the mineral processing efficiency. Reduce mineral processing costs: Raw ore sorting can reduce the processing volume of low-grade ore, save energy and reagent consumption, and thus reduce the unit cost of mineral processing. Reduce environmental pollution: The pre-thrown tailings can be used as building materials or mine backfill without grinding, reducing the discharge of solid mineral waste and reducing the burden on the environment. Improve economic benefits: Through raw ore sorting, not only can the mineral processing efficiency be improved, but also the economic benefits of the enterprise can be increased, bringing more profit space for the enterprise. Technological development of raw ore sorting Ore sorting technology has gone through a development process from simple manual selection to mechanization, automation and even intelligence. In recent years, with the advancement of artificial intelligence and photoelectric sorting technology, raw ore sorting technology has been significantly improved. Intelligent sorting technology can efficiently sort according to the different surface characteristics of ore, such as texture, color, texture, shape, etc., which greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of sorting. The key role of raw ore sorting in the mineral processing process The key role of raw ore sorting in the mineral processing process is mainly reflected in the following aspects: Reducing grinding load: Through raw ore sorting, a part of the waste rock that does not need to be ground can be removed, reducing the load of the mill and improving the grinding efficiency. Improving mineral processing indicators: Raw ore sorting can improve the overall grade of the ore, provide higher grade raw materials for subsequent mineral processing operations, thereby improving mineral processing indicators. Reducing tailings content: Through raw ore sorting, a part of the tailings can be pre-thrown before grinding, reducing the generation of tailings, reducing the pressure of the tailings pond, and reducing environmental pollution. Improve resource utilization: Ore sorting can improve the utilization rate of low-grade ores, reduce the waste of mineral resources, and achieve efficient utilization of resources. The impact of ore sorting on improving ore dressing efficiency The impact of ore sorting on improving ore dressing efficiency is mainly reflected in the following aspects: Improve ore dissociation degree: Ore sorting can improve the ore dissociation degree and provide more favorable conditions for subsequent ore dressing operations. Reduce over-grinding: Through ore sorting, it is possible to avoid grinding the ore that has been dissociated again, reduce over-grinding, and reduce grinding costs. Improve ore dressing recovery rate: Ore sorting can improve the recovery rate of useful minerals, especially for complex and difficult-to-select ores, ore sorting is the key step to improve ore dressing recovery rate. Reduce ore dressing costs: Ore sorting can reduce the energy and reagent consumption in the grinding and sorting process, thereby reducing the overall ore dressing cost. Since its establishment, Mingde Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. has been specializing in the production of raw ore intelligent sorting equipment and has accumulated extensive experience in optoelectronic sorting technology. The company's main products include ore color sorter, AI intelligent sorting machines, X-ray intelligent sorting machines, foreign body removal robots and mining automation production lines. The company has built a production and R&D base of more than 40 acres, with 20,000 square meters of standardized factory buildings and scientific research centers, and has a complete R&D, design, manufacturing, sales and service system. At present, the company has obtained more than 80 core patent technologies with independent intellectual property rights in the fields of artificial intelligence, big data, and mineral processing. CCD Sensor Based Ore Color Sorting Machine For more than 10 years, the ore sorting equipment of Mingde Optoelectronics brand has been widely used in various metal, non-metallic mines and enterprise sites with its excellent performance and perfect service. AI Ore Sorting Machine In summary, raw ore sorting plays a vital role in the mineral processing process. It can not only improve mineral processing efficiency, but also reduce costs, improve resource utilization, and reduce environmental pollution, which is of great significance to the improvement of corporate economic benefits. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, raw ore sorting technology will continue to develop and improve, bringing greater changes to the mining industry.

The ignition loss of ore refers to the mass percentage of water and other volatile components lost by ore under specific conditions. This indicator is of great significance for understanding the quality of ore, estimating energy consumption and by-product emissions during smelting. Different types of ores have different ignition loss standards and methods, such as phosphate ore, iron ore, aluminum ore, etc. Their determination methods may involve weight method, burning method, etc. The weight method is the most commonly used method for determining the ignition loss of ore. This method calculates the ignition loss based on the difference between the mass lost by the sample after burning under high temperature conditions and the mass of the original sample. The specific operation steps include sample preparation, drying, burning, cooling and weighing, and calculating the ignition loss. There are many international standards that specify the determination method of ignition loss of ore, such as ISO 11536:2015, GB/T 6730.68-2009, GB/T 3257.21-1999, etc. These standards specify in detail the requirements for experimental equipment, sample preparation, experimental operation steps, calculation of results and assessment of uncertainty to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of measurement results. Reducing the ore loss on ignition can directly increase the recovery rate of ore, increase the amount of available resources, and thus improve the economic benefits of the enterprise. The reduction in ore loss on ignition means that more valuable ore is recycled, which not only increases the output of the enterprise, but also reduces the production cost of unit products and increases the profit margin. Reducing the ore loss on ignition helps to reduce environmental damage and pollution. The loss on ignition during ore mining and processing often causes a large amount of solid waste, which, if improperly handled, will pollute the land, water and air. Reducing the loss on ignition means reducing the generation of these wastes, thereby reducing the burden on the environment. From the perspective of social responsibility, reducing the ore loss on ignition reflects the company's responsible attitude towards society and the environment. Rational use of resources and reduction of resource waste are in line with the concept of sustainable development, which helps companies establish a good social image and win the respect and support of society. So how should we reduce the ore loss on ignition? First of all, from the perspective of mining technology, reducing the loss on ore can be done from the following aspects: Strengthen geological data management: timely geological sampling and geological sketch compilation, provide reliable original data for mining design and production, correctly define the mining scope, reduce ore loss and rock mixing. Rationally select development methods and mining methods: select mining methods suitable for the conditions of ore body occurrence, such as segmented open-pit method, filling method, etc., to reduce ore loss and dilution. Improve the technical operation level of operators: strengthen technical training and education of employees to improve their operating skills and management capabilities. Optimize the structural parameters of the mining field: reasonably determine the structural parameters such as the length, width, and height of the mining field to improve the stability and recovery rate of the mining field. Strengthen geological exploration work: use high-precision three-dimensional geological modeling, geophysical exploration and other technical means to accurately locate and delineate the ore body, and provide accurate basis for mining design. In terms of mineral processing technology, the following are some technical measures to reduce the loss on ore: Introduce advanced mineral processing technology and equipment: such as high-efficiency flotation machines, magnetic separators, etc., to improve mineral processing efficiency and concentrate quality. Optimize the mineral processing process: strengthen mineral processing test research, carry out multi-scheme mineral processing tests, and determine the best mineral processing process parameters and reagent system. Use new gravity separation equipment: such as centrifugal concentrators, high-frequency screens and spiral chutes, etc., to improve the concentrate grade and reduce metal loss in tailings. Breakthrough and development of magnetic separation technology: use strong magnetic separation and high-gradient magnetic separation technology to improve the concentrate grade and reduce the cost in the mineral processing process. Optimization of flotation process: improve the flotation effect by optimizing the type and ratio of flotation agents and using new flotation equipment. Intelligent mineral processing technology also shows great potential in reducing the loss on ignition of ore: Ore characteristic detection technology: obtain various parameters of ore through high-precision detection equipment to provide data support for subsequent intelligent sorting. Intelligent sorting technology: including image recognition sorting, photoelectric sorting, vibration sorting, etc. These technologies can realize the automatic identification, classification and separation of minerals and improve the efficiency and quality of mineral processing. CCD Sensor Based Ore Color Sorting Machine Automatic control technology: By real-time monitoring of various indicators in the mineral processing process, the automatic control of the production process is realized, and the mineral processing efficiency and safety are improved. Data processing and analysis technology: By mining and analyzing a large amount of production data, the mineral processing process is optimized and the mineral processing effect is improved. AI Intelligent Mineral Ore Sorting Machine Taking the intelligent sorting of wollastonite as an example, a large wollastonite enterprise has achieved accurate sorting of wollastonite ore by introducing photoelectric AI sorting equipment. On the premise of ensuring that the loss on ignition of the finished product is less than 4.5%, the concentrate yield is guaranteed as much as possible. After sorting by the photoelectric AI sorting machine, the loss on ignition of the finished product is controlled at about 4.4%, and the loss on ignition of the tailings is higher than 10%. This shows that by properly adjusting the operating parameters, the loss on ignition can be effectively reduced while ensuring the sorting accuracy. AI Sorting Machine Sparate Pegmatite Quartz Hefei Mingde Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. has been focusing on the production of intelligent sorting equipment for more than ten years. The photoelectric sorting equipment it produces has introduced artificial intelligence technology and big data technology. It can automatically identify and classify minerals by extracting the surface characteristics of minerals, realize accurate sorting of raw ores, and effectively reduce the loss on ignition. Heavy Duty AI Ore Sorting Machine In general, reducing the loss on ignition of ore requires comprehensive consideration from multiple aspects such as mining process optimization, mineral processing process innovation and optimization, and the application of intelligent mineral processing technology. Through these methods, not only can resource utilization be improved, but also environmental pollution can be reduced, economic benefits can be improved, and a solid foundation can be laid for the sustainable development of the mining industry. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, we have reason to believe that the future mining industry will be more efficient, environmentally friendly and intelligent.

Gypsum is a non-metallic mineral with calcium sulfate as the main component. It is usually white or colorless transparent crystals and has a wide range of application value. The formation of gypsum is closely related to geological action and is usually formed in a sedimentary environment or hydrothermal activity. In a sedimentary environment, gypsum can be precipitated from calcium sulfate in seawater or lake water; in hydrothermal activity, gypsum can be formed by cooling and crystallizing hydrothermal fluid containing calcium sulfate underground. Formation process According to the genesis and mineral composition of gypsum, it can be divided into sedimentary gypsum, hydrothermal gypsum and replacement gypsum. Among them, sedimentary gypsum is the most common type, with layered, quasi-layered and lens-shaped forms. Gypsum is widely distributed around the world, especially in Asia, Europe and North America, where reserves and production are relatively concentrated. Asia is one of the main distribution areas of gypsum, especially China, Iran and Thailand, which have more gypsum resources. China has abundant gypsum resources, which are distributed in many provinces across the country. Among them, Shandong Province has particularly outstanding gypsum ore reserves, accounting for 65% of the country's total reserves. Europe is also an important distribution area for gypsum mines. France, Germany, Spain and other countries have a large number of gypsum mine resources. Among these countries, France's gypsum mine production ranks among the top in Europe. North America, especially the United States, is one of the world's largest gypsum producers. The gypsum deposits in the United States are distributed in 22 states, with a total of 69 mines, and the largest production area is Fort Dodge, Iowa. In addition to the above-mentioned regions, countries such as Australia, India and the United Kingdom also have a certain scale of gypsum mine resources. The main component of gypsum ore is calcium sulfate (CaSO4), which usually exists in the form of dihydrate, that is, gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O). Gypsum belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system, and the crystals are plate-shaped or fibrous. The chemical properties of gypsum are stable and it is not easy to react chemically with other substances. However, at high temperatures, gypsum can react with alumina to form calcium aluminum silicate and other compounds. In addition, gypsum can react with acidic substances such as hydrochloric acid to produce sulfur dioxide gas and water. The solubility of gypsum decreases with increasing temperature. It has a low solubility in water, but can be dissolved by acids, ammonium salts, sodium thiosulfate and glycerol. When gypsum is heated at different temperatures, there are three stages of expelling crystal water: 105~180℃, first one water molecule is expelled, and then half of the water molecule is immediately expelled, turning into calcined gypsum, also known as gypsum or semi-hydrated gypsum. 200~220℃, the remaining half of the water molecule is expelled and turned into type III anhydrite. At about 350℃, it turns into type II gypsum Ca[SO4]. At 1120℃, it further turns into type I anhydrite. Melting temperature is 1450℃. The microporous structure and heating dehydration of gypsum and its products make it have excellent sound insulation, heat insulation and fire resistance. As a multifunctional mineral, gypsum is widely used in construction, medicine, agriculture, chemical industry and many other fields. Gypsum plays an important role in the medical, construction, sculpture and other industries with its excellent properties, such as good plasticity, stability, high thermal stability and chemical stability. In the field of construction, gypsum is mainly used for indoor partitions, ceilings, wall materials, etc. Gypsum board is widely used because of its light weight, high strength and easy processing. It can be used as a partition wall, interior wall material, and can also be used to make furniture. In addition, gypsum blocks are also a lightweight and environmentally friendly building material suitable for partition walls and interior walls. In the medical field, gypsum is used to make plaster bandages, fixtures, etc. The fast coagulation and hardening and fast strength growth of gypsum make it an ideal material for post-fracture fixation. In the chemical industry, gypsum can be used as a raw material for the production of sulfuric acid and cement, and can also be used as a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer in fertilizer production. In addition, gypsum can also be used as a chemical filler in the industrial production of plastics, rubber, coatings, etc. In the agricultural field, medium gypsum can be used as a soil conditioner to adjust the pH of the soil and improve the fertility of the soil. Gypsum is also used in the field of sculpture, and artists use the plasticity of gypsum to create various works of art. In food processing, gypsum powder can be used as a food additive for tofu making, tablet production, etc. With the advancement of science and technology and in-depth research on the properties of gypsum, the application field of gypsum is still expanding. It is particularly noteworthy that as a renewable resource, the use of gypsum in building materials increasingly emphasizes environmental protection and sustainability. For example, industrial by-product gypsum such as desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum are reused in building materials, which not only reduces the generation of waste, but also promotes the recycling of resources. There are two main methods of mining gypsum mines: open-pit mining and underground mining. Open-pit mining is suitable for shallow and large-scale deposits. The ore is mined by stripping the covering and mining operations. Underground mining is suitable for deep and small-scale deposits. The ore is mined by opening up tunnels and mining operations. The processing of gypsum mines mainly includes crushing, beneficiation, grinding, calcination and other processes. Crushing is to break the raw ore into small pieces. Crusher such as jaw crusher is used to break the ore into small pieces for subsequent processing. The sorting process of gypsum ore includes many methods: Manual sorting: suitable for small-scale and low-production mining enterprises. Workers sort according to the color and shape of the ore. Heavy medium separation: sorting according to the density difference between the ore particles, suitable for the sorting of coarse-grained gypsum ore. Flotation method: sorting by using the difference in physical and chemical properties between gypsum ore and impurities. By adding flotation agent, gypsum ore floats to the surface of the slurry under the action of bubbles and is separated from impurities. Photoelectric separation: sorting by using the difference in optical properties between ore and impurities. Useful ore and waste rock are separated by photoelectric separator. This method has the advantages of high efficiency and precision, and is suitable for large-scale and high-precision occasions. CCD Sensor Based Ore Color Sorting Machine Mingde Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. was established in 2014. For more than 10 years, it has been professionally developing, designing, manufacturing and selling intelligent sorting equipment for mining. The ore color sorters and artificial intelligence sorters it produces can accurately sort gypsum ore. AI Sorting Machine Among them, the AI ore sorter introduces artificial intelligence technology and big data technology in the field of optoelectronics. It accurately extracts the surface features of ore and impurities such as texture, gloss, shape, color, etc., and forms a model through deep learning. In the subsequent sorting process, the sorted ore is compared and identified, instructions are issued, and pneumatic force is used for precise separation. Practice has proved that the sorting effect of AI intelligent sorting machine is far better than that of traditional optoelectronic ore sorting machine. Heavy Duty AI Ore Sorting Machine Grinding is a step to further reduce the particle size of gypsum to meet the needs of subsequent processing or application. It is usually carried out using equipment such as ball mills. Calcination is to remove moisture and impurities in gypsum and improve its purity and stability. The calcination process includes dry and wet methods. The appropriate process can be selected according to different needs and product requirements. With the advancement of science and technology, especially the development of optoelectronic mineral processing technology, the sorting efficiency and accuracy of gypsum ore have been significantly improved. As a versatile building material, gypsum plays an indispensable role in many fields of modern society. From construction to medicine, to chemical industry and agriculture, the application of gypsum shows its diversity and practicality. With the deepening of gypsum research, the application of gypsum may be more extensive in the future, and it will also pay more attention to environmental protection and sustainability.

Calcite is a common calcium carbonate mineral with the chemical formula of CaCO3, which is widely used in various fields. Its crystal forms are diverse, which can be flake, plate, cone, column, etc., and the colors are different, including colorless, white, pink, green, yellow, red, blue, gray and black. The variability and rich colors of calcite make it one of the important ornamental minerals. Calcite belongs to the trigonal system and has a calcite family structure of the island carbonate mineral subclass. It has various forms. According to statistics, there are more than 600 different polymorphs. The physical properties of calcite include Mohs hardness 3 and density of about 2.71g/cm³. It has complete cleavage in three directions and can form rhombus-shaped fragments. The chemical properties of calcite are soluble in hydrochloric acid, so it needs to be carefully protected during transportation and cleaning. The application range of calcite is very wide, covering many fields such as construction, chemical industry, metallurgy, and medicine. Building materials In the field of construction, calcite is one of the most important rock-forming ores and is widely used in the production of cement, lime and other building products. Its addition can improve the process properties of materials and increase strength and durability. For example, calcite is an indispensable raw material in the manufacture of building materials such as limestone and marble. In addition, calcite is also used in the production of decorative materials such as architectural coatings and wall coatings to provide better whiteness and gloss. Chemical industry In the chemical industry, calcite, as one of the main sources of calcium carbonate minerals, is widely used as a chemical additive and filler. It can be used to manufacture chemical products such as plastics, rubber, paints, and coatings to improve the physical properties and process properties of the products. Especially in the papermaking industry, calcite, as a filler, can improve the gloss and smoothness of paper. Metallurgical industry In the metallurgical industry, calcite can be used as a flux in the ironmaking process to reduce the furnace temperature, accelerate the reduction reaction of iron ore, and increase the yield of pig iron. At the same time, it can also be used as a desulfurizer in steel smelting, converting sulfides in molten iron into volatile substances, reducing the sulfur content in steel and improving the quality of steel. In addition, calcite can also be used as a sand core material in the foundry industry to improve the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of castings. Medical field The application of calcite in the medical field is reflected in its use as a source of limestone, which can be used to make lime and then as a raw material in pharmaceuticals. Lime can be used to make calcium agents, such as calcium tablets, calcium powder, etc., for the prevention and treatment of calcium deficiency. Other uses The birefringence of calcite also makes it uniquely used in the optical field, such as for the manufacture of optical instrument components such as polarizing prisms. In addition, calcite is also used in food additives, environmental protection treatment and other fields. In order to achieve the above market applications, calcite sorting is essential. At present, the more common calcite sorting methods on the market are gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation and photoelectric separation. Among them, the gravity separation method uses the difference in density between calcite and other minerals to achieve separation by gravity separation. This method is suitable for the sorting of ores with large density differences. Magnetic separation is to separate ores with magnetic differences through magnetic separation technology. This is often used to distinguish between magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals. Because both separation methods have certain limitations. Gravity separation equipment usually requires a large site, which increases the investment in infrastructure, and the accuracy of gravity separation is not high, and the separation effect is not ideal. Magnetic separators are mainly suitable for finer magnetic particles. For larger particles, the separation effect may be limited. At the same time, the separation effect for non-magnetic ores and impurities is not ideal. In addition, like gravity separation equipment, magnetic separation equipment also requires a large site and requires increased investment in infrastructure. Photoelectric separation is mainly used to sort calcite through ore color sorters. Ore color sorters use the differences in the optical properties of ores for sorting, and use high-resolution CCD image sensors and high-speed computing processing units to quickly identify and separate ore particles. This technology not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of sorting, but also reduces environmental pollution and energy consumption. CCD Sensor Based Ore Color Sorter As an emerging ore sorting technology, photoelectric sorting technology has shown many significant advantages in the application of calcite sorting. High efficiency Photoelectric separation technology can quickly remove a large amount of useless gangue, reduce the pressure of subsequent mineral processing links, and improve separation efficiency. This technology can process a large amount of materials in a short time, and has high separation accuracy, which helps to improve the grade of calcite. Low cost Compared with traditional physical and chemical mineral processing, the only energy consumption of photoelectric separation is electricity consumption, and the cost of mineral processing per ton is about 1 yuan, which is much lower than the average cost of traditional methods. Green and environmental protection Photoelectric separation has zero pollution to the environment and is a greener way of mineral processing. This is especially important today when environmental protection is increasingly valued. Technological progress With the development of computer technology and artificial intelligence technology, the intelligence level of photoelectric separation equipment has been continuously improved, which can better adapt to the separation needs of different types and complex ore structures. Strong adaptability By introducing cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data analysis, the intelligence level and adaptability of the photoelectric separation system have been greatly improved, and it can process more types of ores. High safety Photoelectric separation equipment does not need to add any chemical agents during operation, avoiding the safety risks that may be caused by chemical agents. Hefei Mingde Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. has been professionally engaged in the research and production of intelligent sorting equipment for mining for more than ten years. Its ore color sorter and AI ore sorter have excellent performance in the sorting of calcite, especially the AI ​​artificial intelligence sorter, which can accurately extract and distinguish the surface features of calcite and miscellaneous stones, and achieve high-precision sorting. The machine can produce about 200 tons per hour, which can meet the production needs of large mines. MINGDE AI Sorting Machine Flotation technology, as an efficient mineral processing method, also plays an important role in the sorting of calcite. With the development of technology, the flotation methods of calcite have also become different, and we will introduce them separately. Traditional flotation separation Traditional calcite flotation separation mainly relies on the action of chemical agents, including the use of inhibitors and collectors. Inhibitors are used to reduce the floatability of calcite, while collectors are used to enhance the flotation ability of target minerals (such as fluorite). Although this method can achieve separation to a certain extent, its efficiency and selectivity still need to be improved. New flotation separation technology Recently, researchers have proposed a variety of new methods for the flotation separation of calcite and fluorite. For example, some studies have studied the effects of glucose and Al3+ on the flotation separation of calcite and fluorite by means of microflotation experiments, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), solution chemical calculations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT). In addition, there are studies that use the regulator PDP to strengthen the DDA system, and achieve effective separation of brucite and calcite by optimizing the operating parameters of the flotation machine and adjusting the type and concentration of the flotation agent. Currently, the sorting technology of calcite is developing rapidly in the direction of high efficiency, environmental protection and intelligence. Through the continuous optimization of chemical agents and novel intelligent sorting technology, the separation efficiency and purity of calcite have been significantly improved, which is of great significance for improving the utilization efficiency of mineral resources and promoting the sustainable development of the mining industry. In the future, with the continuous advancement of science and technology, the sorting technology of calcite is expected to achieve more innovations and breakthroughs. Overall, as a multifunctional mineral, calcite has a wide range of applications. With the continuous development of science and technology, the application areas of calcite will continue to expand, bringing more convenience and contribution to human production and life.