Introduction Photoelectric ore sorting technology is an emerging ore processing technology that uses optical property differences to sort ore, and is particularly suitable for the effective processing of low-grade ore resources. This article will discuss in detail the latest progress of photoelectric ore sorting technology and its application in the processing of low-grade ore resources. Overview of Photoelectric Ore Sorting Technology Photoelectric ore sorting technology is mainly based on the differences in the optical properties of minerals, such as color, gloss, transparency, etc., through the illumination of a light source of a specific wavelength, and with the help of high-precision photoelectric sensors to identify and separate different minerals. This technology has the advantages of fast sorting speed, no need to add chemical reagents, and green environmental protection, and is especially suitable for the purification of low-grade ores. Application of Photoelectric Ore Sorting Technology in the Processing of Low-grade Ore Resources Low-grade ores usually refer to those ores whose grades are not enough for direct use, and their grades need to be improved through mineral processing or other treatment methods. Photoelectric ore sorting technology can improve the feed grade before the ore is crushed or ground, thereby reducing the cost of mineral processing and the load of equipment. Advantages of Photoelectric Ore Sorting Technology High efficiency: Photoelectric sorting technology can quickly remove a large amount of useless gangue, reduce the pressure of subsequent mineral processing links, and improve sorting efficiency. Low cost: Compared with traditional physical mineral processing and chemical mineral processing, the power consumption cost of photoelectric mineral processing is about 1 yuan/ton, which is much lower than traditional methods. Green and environmental protection: Photoelectric ore dressing has zero pollution to the environment and is a greener ore dressing method. 10 Technological progress: With the development of artificial intelligence technology, the intelligence level of photoelectric sorting equipment has been continuously improved, and it can handle more types of ores. https://www.mdoresorting.com/mingde-ai-sorting-machine-separate-quartzmicafeldspar-from-pegmatite Specific applications As a leading enterprise in the ore photoelectric sorting industry, MINGDE Optoelectronics' ore sorting machines are widely used in metal and non-metallic minerals. Over the years, MINGDE Optoelectronics has been professionally researching ore sorting and has made breakthroughs in many technologies. Among them, the AI ​​intelligent ore sorting machine launched for the first time in China uses advanced deep convolutional neural network technology to extract ore surface features from multiple angles, greatly expanding the types of sorted ores and improving the accuracy of ore sorting, especially in the sorting of pegmatite-type quartz. Experiments have shown that MINGDE AI intelligent ore sorting machines are competent for all types of ore that can be identified by the naked eye. While ensuring the sorting accuracy, our company's heavy-duty machines have greatly improved the sorting output of ore, meeting the requirements of mining companies for large-scale ore sorting. https://www.mdoresorting.com/heavy-duty-ai-ore-sorting-machine-ore-sorter-mineral-separator-sorting-38cm-particles Future development of photoelectric ore sorting technology The future development of photoelectric ore sorting technology will focus on improving sorting accuracy and reliability, reducing costs, improving cost performance, and adapting to the sorting needs of more types and more complex ore structures. At the same time, photoelectric sorting technology will also be combined with other ore dressing technologies to form a more complete ore processing solution. Conclusion Photoelectric ore sorting technology has shown great potential in the processing of low-grade ore resources, which can effectively improve resource utilization, reduce ore dressing costs, and is beneficial to environmental protection. With the continuous advancement and innovation of technology, photoelectric ore sorting technology will play an increasingly important role in the mining field.  

Brucite, also known as magnesia, is a hydroxide ore. Its main component is magnesium hydroxide. It is one of the minerals with the highest magnesium content in nature.Brucite is a rare and precious magnesium-rich non-metallic mineral. It belongs to the trigonal crystal system and has a variety of appearances. It is usually flaky or fibrous aggregates. It is white, light green or colorless in color. It has a glassy luster on the fracture, a pearly luster on the dissociation surface, a silky luster on the fibrous one, a flexible thin sheet, and a brittle fibrous one. Brucite is a layered hydroxide that is widely distributed in nature and is widely distributed. It is mainly distributed in countries and regions such as China, Canada, and the United States. In addition, brucite mines are also distributed in Russia, North Korea, Norway and other countries. Canada and the United States are among the world's major producers of brucite. Canada's brucite is mainly distributed in Ontario, Quebec and other places, while the United States' brucite resources are mainly distributed in Nevada, Texas and other places. China's brucite resources are mainly distributed in the western region, such as Xinjiang, Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan and other provinces and cities according to sedimentary strata. In addition, some brucite resources are also distributed in Northeast China, North China, Central China and other regions. Specifically, the total proven reserves of brucite resources in China have exceeded 25 million tons, among which Fengcheng, Liaoning, Ji'an, Jilin, Ningqiang, Shaanxi, Qilian Mountains, Qinghai, Shimian, Sichuan, Xixia, Henan and other places are important brucite production areas. In particular, Fengcheng, Liaoning, has the richest brucite resources in China, with reserves of up to 10 million tons. The proven reserves of brucite in Ningqiang, Shaanxi are 7.8 million tons; the proven reserves of brucite in Ji'an, Jilin are 2 million tons. Judging from the ore quality, scale and mining conditions of brucite, Liaoning Province has the best brucite resources in China. The brucite ore in Kuandian is close to the theoretical mass of brucite (%): MgO 66.44, H2O 29.00, SiO2 0.80, Al2O3 0.21, Fe2O3 0.73. Brucite has a variety of uses and applications, from industrial processes to environmental and technical applications. The following are some of the main uses of brucite: (1)  Extraction of magnesium and magnesium oxide The magnesium oxide content in brucite ore is high and has few impurities; the decomposition temperature is low; the volatile matter produced when heated is non-toxic and harmless, so magnesium and magnesium oxide and other products can be extracted from brucite. (2) Dead-burned magnesia Dead-burned magnesia made from brucite has the advantages of high density (greater than 3.55g/cm3), high refractoriness (greater than 2800℃), high chemical inertness and high thermal shock stability. It is widely used in the production of key parts such as furnace linings and furnace bottoms, especially in the steel and non-ferrous metal smelting industries. (3) Light magnesium oxide Light magnesium oxide is extracted from low-grade brucite rock by chemical methods. (4) Fused periclase It is a special pure product required by high-tech electronic products. The periclase aggregate refined by brucite by electric fusion has high thermal conductivity and good electrical insulation, and the product life is increased by 2~3 times. (5) Chemically pure magnesium reagent Mainly use the electric heating method to extract metallic magnesium and prepare chemically pure reagents such as MgCl2, MgSO4, and Mg(NO3)2. At the same time, it can be used to make high corrosion resistance agents and is widely used in the electroplating industry. (6) Reinforcement materials Bruceite can be used as a substitute for chrysotile in some fields, and is used in mid-range thermal insulation materials such as microporous calcium silicate and calcium silicate board. The basic formula is: diatomaceous earth, lime slurry, water glass, bruceite. The content of bruceite is 8%~10%. The product has high whiteness, beautiful appearance and low bulk density. At the same time, due to the repeatability, corrosion resistance, high hardness and good mechanical strength of brucite, it can be used as an additive to improve the strength and hardness of cement and enhance the durability of concrete. In addition, brucite can also slow down the gel phase generation rate of concrete, thereby delaying the degradation process of the structure. (7) Papermaking filler Brucite has high whiteness, good flaking, strong adhesion and poor water absorption. Using it in combination with calcite as a papermaking filler can change the papermaking process from acid method to alkali method and reduce the pollution of slurry water. (8) Flame retardant As a fibrous variant of brucite, fibrous brucite contains about 30% of crystal water and has a low decomposition temperature (450℃, static about 350℃). It is widely used in flame retardant products with its good heat resistance and flame retardancy. (9) Environmental protection application Due to its composition characteristics, brucite presents moderate alkalinity and can be used as an acidic wastewater neutralizer. It is used to purify acidic substances in wastewater and waste gas, effectively reduce pollutants such as acid rain and acidic waste gas, and thus protect the environment. In the process of neutralizing acidic substances, brucite also has a certain buffering capacity. (10) Water treatment Brucite also plays an important role in the field of water treatment. It can be used to remove hardness ions in water, prevent the formation of scale, and protect water treatment equipment. In addition, brucite can also be used for deoxygenation, adjusting the pH value of water and buffering water quality, thereby improving and optimizing water quality. In general, brucite has a wide range of uses, covering many fields such as construction, metal smelting, chemistry, water treatment, medicine, environmental protection and food industry. In order to improve the utilization value of brucite, we generally use brucite of different grades. Generally speaking, brucite is used as a raw material for magnesium salts, basic magnesium salts, magnesium oxide and other products, and the grade of brucite is relatively high. In some specific applications, such as making refractory materials and flame retardants, the grade requirements for brucite may be relatively low. In order to improve the grade of brucite, we can use crushing, dissociation and sorting to sort out the associated minerals in brucite to achieve the purpose of improving the grade of brucite. Common associated minerals in brucite are mainly serpentine, calcite, dolomite, magnesite, magnesium silicate minerals, periclase, diopside and talc. Specifically, serpentine in the associated mineral is a hydrated magnesium silicate mineral, usually yellow-green or dark green, with a glassy or silky luster. Calcite is a calcium carbonate mineral with a glassy luster and low hardness. Dolomite is a carbonate mineral, similar to calcite, but with a higher magnesium content in its chemical composition. Magnesite is a magnesium carbonate mineral with a glassy luster and low hardness. By taking advantage of the surface feature differences between its associated minerals and brucite, we use photoelectric sorting equipment for sorting, which can effectively remove most of the dissociated associated minerals, improve the grade of brucite ore, and create higher economic value for mining companies. For some brucite mining companies, after long-term mining, there is no good sorting method in the particle ore stage, resulting in about 30~40% of the concentrate with a grade of more than 60 in the tailings pond. With the development of artificial intelligence and photoelectric mineral processing technology in recent years, the technical level and equipment maturity have been widely recognized by the market and applied in the sorting of brucite tailings. In particular, Mingde Optoelectronics' artificial intelligence sorting equipment can accurately identify associated minerals such as brucite, serpentine, and dolomite, and sort them by taking pictures, training, learning, and modeling the ore to be selected. MINGDE Optoelectronics is an enterprise focusing on ore sorting technology. The artificial intelligence sorting machine developed by it is applied to the sorting process of brucite. The equipment uses advanced image recognition technology and artificial intelligence algorithms to efficiently and accurately grade the quality of brucite, remove impurities, and improve the quality of the original ore. In summary, MINGDE Optoelectronics' artificial intelligence sorting machine plays a key role in the sorting of brucite. It optimizes the traditional mineral processing process through intelligent technology, improves the sorting accuracy and efficiency, and contributes to the sustainable use of resources.

From 2010 to 2019, more than 200 new gold, copper, zinc, nickel, and copper mines entered commercial production, with an estimated total ore production of 22 billion tons. The lead time from initial discovery to production varies for each mine, depending on a variety of factors, including product and mine type, geographic location, partnership history, government and community needs. The average time from discovery to production for the world's 35 largest mines is 16.9 years, with the shortest being 6 years and the longest being 32 years. In order to avoid large data deviations, some mines are not included in the calculation of the time required for top mines, mainly because the projects were abandoned after the initial discovery. (Note: Data as of March 2020) Many factors affect the time it takes to deliver a mine The average exploration and research time for the world's 35 top mines is 12.5 years, almost three-quarters of the total time invested. Mines that spend the longest time in this stage usually experience multiple changes in ownership and research revisions. Generally speaking, top mines enter the mine construction phase 1.8 years after the feasibility study is completed. Ideally, construction can begin shortly after the feasibility study is completed; but for some mines, it takes another 3 to 5 years before construction, partly because they want to continue to increase reserves before construction, or face problems such as mining permits, licenses, funding and community protests. Of the 35 top mines, 20 mines take less than or equal to the average time of 16.9 years, among which mines in Peru have the shortest delivery time, with about four-fifths of the mines taking an average of 13 years. The Las Bambas copper mine in Apurimac has been in commercial production since 2015, when a large amount of porphyry copper was discovered in 2005 (skarn copper was discovered earlier). It is the mine with the shortest delivery time and currently ranks third in Peru in ore production. Australia has opened two mines in recent years, with an average time of 10 years. The Gruyere JV gold mine in Western Australia is a 50-50 joint venture between Gold Fields Ltd. and Gold Road Resources Ltd. It took only six years from the discovery of gold in 2013 to commercial production in 2019. Although there are many deeper deposits that have been put into production, Australia's deposits tend to be near-surface oxides that are easier to explore and develop. Although Australia does not have a fully integrated federal licensing system, the official assessment of exploration and mining is much faster than in other developed countries. As noted in a 2015 study prepared for the U.S. National Mining Association, evaluations of exploration plans and mining proposals in Western Australia were completed in just 30 working days. Environmental impact assessments (EIA) are completed by the applicant and submitted to the relevant agencies for evaluation, shortening the application process. Fifteen mines exceeded the average lead time. Chile topped the list. The country's three mines had long lead times during this period, averaging 23.7 years. Mexico followed with two mines, averaging 17.5 years. Canada and Russia both approved four mines for production during this period, and both had two mines that took longer than average: two Canadian mines with an average lead time of 23.5 years, and two Russian mines with an average lead time of 27.5 years. Russia’s Bystrinskoye copper mine took 32 years from its discovery in 1986 to commence operations in 2018. Like Australia, Canada uses a streamlined permitting process and timeline, but the permitting process can involve extensive community collaboration and environmental requirements that can lead to significant delays. Canada’s Rainy River and Dublin Gulch mines took 22 and 25 years to complete, respectively. Ontario’s Rainy River mine is owned by Rainy River Resources Ltd., which chose to continue exploration and feasibility work in the area when it was unable to finance mine development. New Gold Inc. acquired the mine in 2013 and has conducted the latest feasibility study, permit application, testing and construction. Victoria Gold also revised its feasibility study for its Dublin Canyon mine several times between 2011 and 2016, subsequently securing financing and commencing construction shortly thereafter. As a result, the average time from feasibility study completion to production for both mines was only 2.5 years. Most new mines are open pit mining, and copper mines require longer lead times Of the 35 top mines counted, 31 are open pit mines, with varying ore production capacities and mining cycles. The Las Bambas copper mine has an annual production capacity of 51 million tons of ore, and it took 10 years from discovery to production. In contrast, the Bystrinskoye copper mine, with an annual production capacity of 10 million tons, has a delivery period of 32 years. The average ore production capacity of the top open pit mines is 19.1 million tons/year, and the average delivery time is 17.4 years. Only two mines have both open pit and underground mining, and both mining methods contributed to production capacity during the trial mining period. The Kibali gold mine in the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Sukari gold mine in Egypt have lower production capacities, with annual ore production of 7.2 million tons and 12.3 million tons, respectively, and delivery cycles of 15 years and 12 years, respectively. Some open-pit mines, such as Oyu Tolgoi and Yuji River in Mongolia, plan to increase underground mining in the near future. There are two other pure underground mining mines, Carrapateena in South Australia and New Afton in British Columbia, Canada, both of which have low production capacity of only 4 million tons of ore per year and an average delivery time of 13 years. Of the 35 new mines, 23 are gold mines (accounting for two-thirds of the total), 10 are copper mines, and 2 are nickel mines. Among them, the average delivery time for gold mines is 15.4 years and that for copper mines is 18.4 years. The difference between the two is mainly due to the longer exploration and feasibility study time for copper projects, which is an average of 2 years longer than that for gold projects. One reason is that, at least in the exploration stage, the availability of funds for gold projects is better than that for copper projects. This is supported by exploration data from the past 10 years. The data shows that the ratio of grassroots exploration to late-stage exploration budgets for copper and gold mines is an average of 1:1.8, which reflects the better funding supply for gold exploration. In addition, gold prices have been more resilient than copper prices over the past 10 years, which has eased capital flows for gold mines. In addition, the construction time of copper mines is also one year longer than that of gold mines on average.

1. Production cost per ton of ore The total cost of production per ton of ore is the sum of the mining, beneficiation and transportation costs, enterprise management, concentrate sales, mine maintenance and inspection, and mining rights use costs allocated to each ton of raw ore. Mining cost: the cost of mining. Different development methods (open-pit mining, adit, inclined shaft, vertical shaft), mining methods, drainage volume, etc. all affect the mining cost. At present, the general pit mining cost is 20-70 yuan/ton. Ore dressing cost: Ore dressing cost is restricted by the selectivity of ore, mainly the consumption of ore dressing reagents and ball mill steel balls, tailings treatment and transportation costs (the trend is dry sand stacking and cementing filling). At present, the production cost of general stone dressing plants is 20-70 yuan/ton. Ore transportation cost: refers to the transportation cost from the pit mouth to the dressing plant after the ore is mined. At present, the transportation cost of ore in general mines is 10-50 yuan/ton. Enterprise management fee: Enterprise management fee is affected by the size and management level of the enterprise. At present, the management cost of general mining enterprises is 10-20 yuan/ton. Concentrate sales fee: All costs of transporting concentrate from the mine dressing plant to the delivery location of the smelter. The concentrate sales cost per ton of raw ore is 10-30 yuan/ton. Mine maintenance fee: According to the regulations of the Ministry of Finance, from January 1, 2004, a mine maintenance fee of 15-18 yuan will be extracted per ton of raw ore to support simple reproduction. Mineral rights usage fee: The resource compensation fee and resource usage fee required to be paid by the national and local governments, converted into the cost per ton of ore (usually 10-20 yuan). 2. Yield of concentrate (converted into tons of metal) per ton of ore (%) The amount of concentrate produced per ton of raw ore (equivalent to tons of metal) depends on the mining depletion rate and the mineral processing recovery rate. Mining depletion rate: Mining depletion rate varies due to different geological conditions, mining methods and management levels. At present, the depletion rate of pit mining in my country is generally 10-25%. Mineral processing recovery rate: Select indicators based on the results of ore selectivity tests in specific mining areas, such as 60-90%. Concentrate yield = (1-mining depletion rate) × mineral processing recovery rate. 3. Concentrate Sales Price The spot sales price of qualified concentrate (converted into metal tons) is generally the weekly average price of three-month metal futures, multiplied by a price coefficient (60-85%). 4. Determination of mineable grade For example, the mining cost in a certain place is 50 yuan/ton, the beneficiation cost is 40 yuan/ton, the transportation cost of raw ore is 30 yuan/ton, the enterprise management fee is 20 yuan/ton, the concentrate sales fee is 20 yuan/ton, the mine maintenance fee is 15 yuan/ton, and the mining right use fee is 20 yuan/ton, with a total production cost of 195 yuan/ton. If the mining depletion rate is 10% and the beneficiation recovery rate is 80%, the concentrate yield (equivalent to metal tons) per ton of raw ore is 72%. If the metal price, such as copper, is 60,000 yuan per ton, the pricing coefficient is 80%, and the qualified concentrate (equivalent to metal tons) is 48,000 yuan/ton. Then: metal price 60,000 × pricing coefficient 80% × ore grade × concentrate yield (converted to metal tons) 72% = 195 yuan. Ore grade = 0.56%, that is, the recoverable grade (average grade in the mining area) is 0.56% If the average price of lead and zinc metal is 16,000/ton, the pricing coefficient is 70%, the same yield and production cost, Metal price 16,000 × pricing coefficient 70% × ore grade × concentrate yield 72% = 195 yuan. Ore grade = 2.42%, that is, the recoverable grade (average grade in the mining area) is 2.42%. 5. Issues to note 1. The mineable grade is actually the break-even point of normal production after the mine is completed and put into production. If the mine construction funds (including the cost of purchasing mining rights, power supply lines and step-down stations, equipment investment, land, forest and water use costs, road construction, beneficiation plant construction, mine construction, office facilities, living facilities, etc.) are not recovered, in addition to repaying the principal, interest must be paid. This part of the interest is generally calculated at 10-20%, and the amount is also very large. 2. The increase in production scale will reduce the production cost per ton of ore. It is mainly reflected in the reduction of enterprise management expenses and the reduction of mining and selection costs after large-scale production. Source: Geological Miscellany

1. Talc Overview Talc is a silicate mineral with a chemical composition of Mg3Si4O102. It is a trioctahedral mineral with a soft, smooth feel and a low Mohs hardness (1). It is often in the form of blocks, blades, fibers or radial aggregates. The color of talc is mostly white or off-white, but it can also have various colors due to other impurities. Due to its unique layered structure and lubricity, talc is widely used in industry, such as as a filler, reinforcing agent and insulating material. 2. Talc mining and processing There are two main ways to mine talc: open-pit mining and underground mining. Open-pit mining is suitable for talc mines above the surface, while underground mining is used for ore bodies below the surface. During the mining of talc, attention should be paid to the crushing of the ore because it is relatively fragile. After a series of processes such as crushing and grinding, talc ore can be made into talc powder of different specifications for use in various industrial fields. 3. Application fields of talc Talc is widely used in many industries due to its unique physical and chemical properties. In the cosmetics industry, talc is used as a filler for moisturizing powder, beauty powder, etc. In the coatings industry, talc is used as a white body pigment for various industrial coatings. In the papermaking industry, talc is used as a filler for paper and paperboard. In addition, talc is also used as a filler and reinforcing agent in industries such as plastics, rubber, cables, and ceramics. (1) Usage of talc in industrial field In the industrial industry, talcum powder is mainly used to improve the mechanical properties of products, such as improving the rigidity, heat resistance, creep resistance, etc. of plastic products. The addition of talcum powder can significantly improve the rigidity and heat resistance of plastic products, while also reducing production costs and improving the market competitiveness of products. (2) Usage of talc in the construction industry In the construction industry, talcum powder can be used to improve the performance of building materials, such as increasing the strength and durability of concrete. Talc is also widely used in architectural coatings, which can improve the hiding power and stability of coatings, while also providing certain thermal insulation and aging resistance effects. (3) Usage of talc in the automotive industry In the automotive industry, talcum powder is mainly used in the production of automotive interior and exterior parts, such as dashboards, door panels, pillars, etc. The addition of talcum powder can improve the mechanical strength and rigidity of these parts, while also reducing the overall weight of the car, contributing to the lightweight design of the car. (4) Talc usage in the aerospace industry In the aerospace industry, talc is widely used in the manufacture of high-temperature structural parts due to its excellent high-temperature resistance.The high-temperature stability of talc makes it an indispensable material in this industry. (5) Usage of talc in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, talc is used as a filler and coating agent to improve the quality and safety of products. The whiteness and chemical stability of talc make it widely used in these industries. 4. How to identify the quality of talcum powder (1) Observe color and texture High-quality talcum powder is usually white or light gray, with a fine and smooth texture and no visible impurities. Low-quality talcum powder may be darker in color, rough in texture, and may contain other impurities. (2) Check moisture content The water content of talcum powder will affect its performance and application effect. Generally speaking, high-quality talcum powder has a lower water content and is not easy to absorb moisture and become soft. The water content can be determined through simple experiments, such as placing the powder in a dry environment and observing its moisture absorption. (3) Detection particle size The particle size of talcum powder directly affects its application performance. High-quality talcum powder has uniform particle size and fine particle size, which helps to improve the gloss and smoothness of the product. The particle size distribution can be tested using equipment such as laser particle size analyzer. (4) Analytical chemical composition The main component of talc is magnesium silicate, but it may contain a certain amount of impurities, such as aluminum silicate and iron. Chemical analysis methods can be used to determine the chemical composition of talc to ensure that it meets the requirements of specific industries. 5. Talc purification technology As an industrial raw material widely used in many industries, talc purification technology is directly related to product quality and effective utilization of resources. In the purification process, how to balance product quality and resource waste is particularly important.. Detailed explanation of talc purification technology (1) Flotation Flotation method uses the difference in physical and chemical properties between talc and other mineral surfaces, and adds collectors and foaming agents to combine talc particles with water to form foam, thereby achieving purification. This method is simple to operate, but it is highly dependent on chemicals and has a certain impact on the environment. (2) Hand selection The hand selection method is to purify talc powder and gangue minerals by manual selection according to their different slipperiness. Although this method has high purity, it is labor-intensive and has low production efficiency, making it unsuitable for large-scale production. (3) Magnetic separation Magnetic separation is a method of separating minerals by using a magnetic field, using the magnetic difference between talc and associated minerals. This method is suitable for processing ores with high iron content, but the equipment investment is relatively large. (4) Photoelectric separation https://www.mdoresorting.com/mingde-ai-sorting-machine-separate-phosphorite-ore Photoelectric beneficiation is a method that uses the difference in reflection characteristics of talc and impurity minerals under different light to identify and separate them through photoelectric sensors. This method has high accuracy, but the equipment is complex and the maintenance cost is high. (5) Chemical treatment Chemical treatment is to remove impurities from talc through chemical reactions such as acid washing and alkali washing. This method can effectively remove specific types of impurities, but it may cause pollution to the environment. (6) Heat treatment The heat treatment method is to heat the talc to a high temperature and remove impurities by high-temperature calcination. This method can significantly improve the whiteness and physical and chemical properties of talc, but it consumes a lot of energy. Analysis of resource waste problem The waste of resources in the process of talcum powder purification is mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. Energy consumption: In the purification process, especially heat treatment and chemical treatment, the energy consumption is huge, which is not conducive to sustainable development. 2. Reagent use: Processes such as flotation require a large amount of chemical reagents, which may be harmful to the environment and have high costs. 3. Tailings accumulation: The tailings generated during the beneficiation process have not been effectively utilized, resulting in a large amount of resource discard.      

1. Definition of Green Mining Green mining is a new mining development model that emphasizes the efficient use of resources, environmental protection and harmonious development of the community during the development of mineral resources. This model not only focuses on the economic value of mineral resources, but also pays attention to minimizing the impact and damage to the ecological environment, and strives to achieve harmonious coexistence between mining and the natural environment. 2. The connotation of green mining culture Green mining culture is not only a production method, but also a new concept and cultural form of mining development. It includes the following aspects: 1） Green mining spirit: refers to the values and behavioral norms upheld by mining companies under the guidance of modern ecological civilization concepts, emphasizing scientific and orderly mining methods and the protection of the ecological environment. 2） Green mining concept: that is, in the process of mineral resource development, achieve a balance between effective resource utilization and environmental protection, and advocate sustainable development. 3） Green mine construction: involves multiple links such as mine planning, design, construction, and operation, aiming to achieve the coordination and unity of mineral resource development and environmental protection. 4） Green mining development: Integrate the concept of green development into all aspects of mineral resource exploration, mining, processing, management and land reclamation in mining areas to promote efficient resource utilization and maximize environmental protection. 3. The Importance of Green Mining The importance of green mining is reflected in the following aspects: 1) Sustainable use of resources: Green mining emphasizes the rational development and utilization of mineral resources. Through scientific exploration and reasonable mining strategies, the service life of mineral resources can be extended to achieve sustainable use of resources. 2) Environmental protection: Traditional mining is often accompanied by serious environmental damage, such as land degradation, water pollution, etc. Green mining reduces damage to the ecological environment, protects biodiversity, and maintains ecological balance by adopting environmental protection technologies and management measures. 3) Energy conservation and emission reduction: Green mining advocates energy conservation and emission reduction, and by optimizing production processes and improving energy efficiency, it reduces greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption, which helps to address global climate change. 4) Improved economic benefits: Green mining can improve the economic benefits of enterprises by improving resource utilization and reducing production costs. At the same time, green products are more popular in the market, which is conducive to opening up new markets and increasing competitiveness. 5) Fulfillment of social responsibilities: While pursuing economic benefits, enterprises also need to assume social responsibilities. The implementation of green mining helps enterprises establish a good social image, enhance public trust, and promote social harmony. 6) Policy support and market opportunities: Many countries have introduced policies to support the development of green mining, providing policy support and market opportunities for green mining. Enterprises can actively participate in the development of green mining, seize policy dividends and open up new market space. 7) Driven by technological innovation: The development of green mining has promoted technological innovation, prompted enterprises to develop more environmentally friendly and efficient production technologies and equipment, and promoted the development of mining towards intelligent and green directions. In addition, green mining is also quite rewarding for the company's development. 1) The relationship between green image enhancement and shareholder value. In the process of improving their green image, mining companies can not only gain better social reputation and brand image, but also improve shareholder value to a certain extent. The improvement of green image helps to attract more investors and consumers, which may increase the market value and stock price performance of enterprises. Studies have shown that enterprises that implement environmental protection measures can often reduce the risk of environmental accidents, reduce related legal proceedings and fines, thereby improving profitability and having a positive impact on shareholder value. 2) The relationship between green image enhancement and corporate competitiveness. Improving a green image can enhance a company's market competitiveness. By promoting green development, companies can create a good image and enhance their sense of social responsibility. Green companies can not only gain recognition from the government and the public, but also attract more attention from consumers and investors, thereby gaining huge market opportunities. 3) The relationship between green image enhancement and financing costs. Improving the green image helps reduce the financing costs of enterprises. Green project financing usually gives enterprises lower interest rates and longer repayment periods to encourage them to invest in environmental protection and sustainable development. In addition, green financial products such as green bonds and green leasing can also provide enterprises with more financing channels and lower-cost financing solutions. 4) Green image promotion and environmental policy impact. As environmental protection policies become increasingly stringent, companies need to actively respond to environmental protection requirements,strengthen environmental awareness, increase environmental protection investment, and improve the company's environmental protection level. This will not only help companies reduce environmental risk exposure, but also create shareholder value for the company. 5) The relationship between green image enhancement and socially responsible investment. Corporate social responsibility has an important impact on shareholder value. One of the core elements of corporate social responsibility is environmental protection. In the process of production and operation, enterprises should comply with environmental laws and regulations, reduce pollution emissions, save resources, etc.Through effective environmental protection measures,enterprises can reduce environmental risks, enhance brand image, and thus increase the trust and recognition of shareholders. In summary, the returns of green mining to society and mining companies are reflected in various aspects. For society, green mining realizes the sustainable use of resources and environmental protection, and achieves both economic and environmental benefits. For mining companies, the improvement of green image has achieved the following: increasing shareholder value, enhancing market competitiveness, reducing financing costs, actively responding to environmental policies, and strengthening the combination with socially responsible investment. These factors interact with each other and jointly promote the sustainable development of mining companies in the green transformation, and bring greater value to shareholders and society. 4. How mining companies can improve their green image? Mining companies enhance their green image mainly by adopting environmentally friendly technologies, optimizing production processes, strengthening environmental governance and actively participating in social responsibility activities, so as to reduce their impact on the environment, improve resource utilization efficiency and achieve sustainable development, thereby winning recognition and support from all sectors of society. 1) Production process improvement and environmental protection. (1) Adopt green mining technology: Apply environmentally friendly, energy-saving and efficient mining methods and technologies to reduce damage to the environment,such as Digital electronic detonator smooth surface blasting technology,optoelectronic sorting technology etc. (2) Wastewater and waste gas treatment: Establish wastewater and waste gas treatment systems to ensure that emissions meet standards and reduce pollution to the environment,such as dry dust collection process,return water treatment system and water quality online monitoring system,etc. (3) Ecological restoration:Carry out vegetation restoration and land reclamation to repair the ecosystem damaged by mining activities. (4) Resource recycling:Reuse waste residues, waste heat, waste oil and waste rock as resources to reduce waste generation, for example, building tailings ponds for mountain backfill and construction aggregates. 2) Social Responsibility and Public Communication Mining companies can establish a good corporate citizen image by actively participating in social welfare activities and strengthening communication and cooperation with local communities. For example, by establishing environmental protection education centers, carrying out environmental education, and supporting local economic development, they can enhance their ties with society and improve their social reputation. 3) Green Finance and Capital Market (1) Green credit and bonds: Guide green credit, green bonds and other green financial instruments to support high-quality mining projects and important resource bases. (2) ESG investment and financing concepts: Improve awareness of ESG, incorporate it into the investment decision-making process, and improve ratings.

1. Definition and main components of limestone Limestone is a common sedimentary rock, the main component of which is calcium carbonate (chemical formula: CaCO₃). Limestone can be directly processed into stone and burned into quicklime. Quicklime becomes slaked lime after adding water. The main component is calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), which is often used in building materials and industrial raw materials. 2. Physical and chemical properties of limestone The physical properties of limestone include density, porosity, hardness, strength, decomposition temperature, thermal expansion coefficient, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, color, etc. For example, the density of limestone is approximately between 2.65 and 2.80 g/cm³, the hardness is between 2 and 4 on the Mohsscale, and the reference value of compressive strength is approximately 7.85 to 196.14 Mpa. The chemical properties of limestone mainly depend on the chemical properties of its main component, calcium carbonate. When heated to 898~910℃ under normal pressure, limestone will decompose into lime and carbon dioxide. The calcium carbonate in limestone reacts with almost all strong acids to form corresponding calcium salts and release carbon dioxide at the same time. In addition, the solubility of calcium carbonate in limestone in water containing carbon dioxide is much higher than that in water without carbon dioxide, because calcium carbonate generates more soluble calcium bicarbonate at this time. 3. Application of Limestone Limestone is widely used in building materials, roads, metallurgy, chemical industry and other industries. Building Materials Limestone can be used to produce lime and slaked lime.Quicklime can be used to produce building materials such as gypsum products, putty, and paint.At the same time, limestone can also be directly used to produce concrete, mortar and other building materials. Chemical raw materials Limestone can be used as a chemical raw material to produce a variety of chemical products, such as calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium hydroxide, etc. These chemical products are widely used in food, medicine, pesticides and other fields. Metallurgical auxiliary materials In the metallurgical industry, limestone can be used as an auxiliary material for desulfurization and dephosphorization of molten metals. The calcium sulfate and calcium phosphate produced can be recycled as by-products. At the same time, limestone can also be used to produce metal elements such as calcium and magnesium. Environmentally friendly materials Since limestone can react with acidic substances to form precipitates, it can be used in environmental protection fields such as wastewater treatment and flue gas desulfurization. For example, limestone can react with acidic wastewater to form precipitates, so that harmful substances in the wastewater can be removed; in flue gas desulfurization, limestone can react with sulfur dioxide to form calcium sulfate, thereby achieving the purpose of desulfurization. Limestone can also be used to produce glass, ceramics, coatings and other products; in agriculture, limestone can be used as fertilizer to increase the pH value of the soil; in medicine, limestone can be used to produce some drugs and reagents.With the continuous development of science and technology, the application prospects of limestone will be broader. 4. Limestone mining Limestone mining generally follows these basic steps: 1) Exploration and evaluation: First, geological exploration is carried out on potential limestone mining areas to evaluate the reserves, quality and economic feasibility of limestone mining. 2) Mining Permits: Obtain necessary mining licenses and environmental impact assessment approvals to ensure mining activities are carried out legally and in compliance with regulations. 3) Selection of mining method: According to the characteristics and geographical location of the limestone deposit, the appropriate mining method is selected. Common methods include open pit mining and underground mining. 4) Mining operations: In open-pit mining, step-by-step or slope mining methods are usually used to dig downwards. Underground mining may use chamber-pillar method, staged caving method, etc. 5) Stone processing: The mined limestone needs to go through crushing, screening and other processing processes to meet different application requirements. 6) Transportation and Storage: The processed limestone is transported to the processing plant or storage site by truck, rail or belt conveyor. 7) Environmental protection and reclamation: Measures should be taken to prevent environmental pollution during the mining process, and land should be reclaimed after mining to restore the ecological environment. 5. Technology and equipment for limestone mining Limestone mining technology and equipment include: 1) Drilling equipment: used to drill holes in limestone for blasting operations. 2) Blasting equipment: used to separate limestone from rock. 3) Loading machinery: such as excavators, loaders, etc., used to load the limestone after blasting. 4) Transportation equipment: such as trucks, rail cars, conveyor belts, etc., used to transport limestone from the mining site to its destination. 5) Crushing and screening equipment: including jaw crusher, cone crusher, hammer crusher, vibrating screen, etc., used to crush limestone into products of different specifications. 6) Sorting equipment: including gravity sorting equipment, magnetic separation equipment, photoelectric sorting equipment, etc., used to separate crushed limestone and impurities https://www.mdoresorting.com/heavy-duty-ai-ore-sorting-machine-ore-sorter-mineral-separator-sorting-38cm-particles. 6. Safety and environmental protection measures in limestone mining During limestone mining, the following safety and environmental protection measures must be taken: 1) Safety procedures: Ensure that all staff follow safe operating procedures to avoid accidents. 2) Dust prevention measures: Take measures such as spray dust reduction and closed transportation to reduce the harm of dust to the environment and human health. 3) Noise control: Take sound insulation measures to reduce noise pollution generated by mining activities. 4) Water resource protection: Rationally utilize water resources and prevent water pollution. 5) Waste disposal: Properly dispose of waste generated during the mining process to reduce the impact on the environment. 7. Latest trends in limestone mining Recent trends in limestone mining include: 1) Intelligent mining: Use advanced automation and information technology to improve mining efficiency and safety. 2) Green mining: focus on environmental protection and adopt more environmentally friendly mining technologies and management methods. 3) Energy conservation and emission reduction: Reduce energy consumption and emissions by improving processes and equipment.        

There are many factors that affect the effect of ore sorting, mainly including the following aspects: 1. Ore properties: The physical properties (such as hardness, density, humidity, particle size distribution) and chemical properties (such as mineral composition, chemical activity) of the ore are the key factors affecting the sorting effect. Different ores require sorting methods suitable for their characteristics. 2. Ore grade: The higher the content of valuable minerals in the ore, the better the quality of the concentrate obtained after sorting. Conversely, low-grade ore may require more complex sorting processes to reach the standard of economic utilization.   3. Sorting equipment: The performance, maintenance and operation level of the equipment directly affect the sorting effect. Efficient and stable equipment can improve sorting accuracy and processing capacity. 4. Process parameters: The setting of parameters such as feed rate, water flow rate, vibration frequency, etc. during the sorting process has a significant impact on the sorting effect. Reasonable process parameters can optimize the sorting effect. 5. Environmental conditions: Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity may also affect the sorting results, especially for minerals that are sensitive to the environment. 6. Complexity of ore: If the ore contains multiple minerals, the interaction between them may make sorting more difficult, and comprehensive sorting technology is needed. 7. Ore uniformity: Ore uniformity affects the stability of the sorting process. Inhomogeneous ore may lead to unstable sorting results. 8. Type and rate of impurities: The type and rate of impurities in the ore will also affect the sorting effect, especially those impurities that interfere with the sorting process. 9. Operator skills: The operator's experience and skills have an important impact on the sorting effect. Skilled operators can better control the sorting process. 10. Pretreatment before sorting: Pretreatment processes such as crushing and grinding have an important influence on the particle size distribution and surface properties of the ore, which in turn affects the sorting effect. MINGDE AI intelligent sorting machine takes the lead in using artificial intelligence means such as deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to analyze and process material images in the field of visible light photoelectric sorting, and automatically extracts multi-dimensional features of materials to establish a database through CNN local connection, weight sharing, multi-convolutional kernel and other methods in the training process, and the sorting effect is far better than that of traditional sorting methods,and it has outstanding performance in ore pretreatment, low-grade ore enrichment, and complex ore sorting.  

The application scenarios of AI technology in mining resource sorting mainly include the following aspects: 1. Exploration of new minerals: AI technology has begun to be applied to the exploration of new minerals, such as using machine learning algorithms to analyze geological data and predict the best drilling locations. This technology has been successfully applied to gold exploration and is being used in the exploration of other minerals. 2. Unmanned mining vehicles: The application of AI technology in large mining companies is mainly to improve operational efficiency. Unmanned vehicles have been used in open-pit mines, and unmanned driving is achieved through automated transportation systems, which improves the efficiency and safety of mine operations. 3. Ore sorting optimization: AI technology can classify and identify ores through image recognition technology, improving sorting efficiency and accuracy. Data analysis and prediction models can predict the quality and composition of ores in advance, help adjust sorting parameters, and improve ore utilization. https://www.mdoresorting.com/mingde-ai-sorting-machine-separate-phosphorite-ore   4. Mineral association analysis: AI technology can predict the location and type of new mineral deposits through mineral association analysis. This method uses the combination of minerals formed under specific physical and chemical laws. For example, the formation of minerals is closely related to the chemical composition of the host rock and environmental conditions. 5. Mining resource exploration and mining: The application of AI technology in mining resource exploration and mining includes remote monitoring, automated mining, data analysis and decision support, intelligent safety monitoring, environmental monitoring, logistics management, data analysis, decision support, and automated control. These applications improve the efficiency, safety, and environmental protection of mining operations. 6. Mine management: AI technology can help mine managers analyze various production and operation data in a timely manner, provide visual data insights and intelligent decision-making support, and improve management efficiency. Automated and intelligent management AI technology can realize automated control of mining equipment and operating processes, improve operating efficiency and safety, and achieve more refined mine management. 7. Mine safety: AI technology can realize remote control and unmanned mine operations, improving the safety and work efficiency of operators. Advanced AI safety monitoring systems can analyze the mine operating environment in real time, promptly identify potential safety hazards, and warn operators, greatly improving mine safety. 8. Mine environmental monitoring: AI technology can monitor mine soil, water quality, air quality and other indicators in real time to detect environmental problems in a timely manner. Predictive analysis models can predict environmental change trends and provide a basis for formulating environmental protection measures. 9. Mining logistics: AI technology is revolutionizing mining logistics management. From automated loading and unloading to intelligent scheduling, unmanned transportation to real-time inventory monitoring, AI plays a key role in improving mining logistics efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing safety. 10. Mine data analysis: AI technology can help mining companies quickly process and analyze massive amounts of production, environmental, safety and other data to uncover hidden value and patterns. Through AI technology, mining companies can better predict equipment failures, optimize production processes, improve resource utilization, and improve overall operational efficiency. 11. Mining decision support: AI technology can help mining companies make more intelligent and data-driven decisions. By analyzing massive production data, market forecasts, environmental monitoring and other information, AI systems can provide mine managers with more comprehensive decision-making suggestions and improve the operating efficiency and risk management capabilities of mines. 12. Mine automation: The application of AI technology in mine automation includes self-driving mining trucks, automated mining drilling, and intelligent ore sorting. These technologies improve production efficiency, reduce manual intervention, and improve operational safety. 13. Remote control of mines: AI technology can achieve real-time monitoring and automated control of mine sites through remote sensing, machine vision, machine learning and other technologies, greatly reducing the need for manual entry into dangerous environments. Remote control technology can also help mining companies improve the flexibility of production management and achieve effective management of distributed mines. These application scenarios demonstrate the wide application and huge potential of AI technology in mining resource sorting, indicating that mining will become more intelligent and efficient in the future.  

A. Phosphate Ore Overview Phosphate rock refers to the general term for phosphate minerals that can be used economically. It is an important chemical mineral raw material. It can be used to make phosphate fertilizer, yellow phosphorus, phosphoric acid, phosphide and other phosphates. These products are widely used in agriculture, medicine, food, matches, dyes, sugar, ceramics, national defense and other industrial sectors. Phosphate minerals can be divided into three types according to their mineralization origin: sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks and igneous rocks. At present, about 85% of industrially mined phosphate is marine sedimentary phosphate, and the rest is mainly igneous phosphate. It can also be divided into two types: apatite and phosphorite. Apatite refers to the phosphate ore in which phosphorus appears in the form of crystalline apatite in igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks, while phosphorite is an accumulation formed by exogenous action, composed of crypto crystalline or micro-crypto crystalline apatite and other gangue minerals. B. Distribution and development of phosphate resources Globally, phosphate resources are mainly distributed in Africa, North America, South America, Asia and the Middle East, of which more than 80% are concentrated in Morocco and Western Sahara, South Africa, the United States, China, Jordan and Russia. China is a country with rich reserves of phosphate resources, ranking second in the world, second only to Morocco and Western Sahara. C. The main uses of phosphate rock Phosphate rock is an important chemical mineral raw material with a wide range of uses, mainly including the following aspects: 1. Phosphate fertilizer production: About 84% to 90% of the world's phosphate rock is used to produce various phosphate fertilizers, which are essential nutrients for plant growth and play a key role in increasing crop yields. 2. Production of yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid: Some phosphate rocks are used to produce pure phosphorus (yellow phosphorus) and chemical raw materials. Yellow phosphorus can be used to make pesticides, incendiary bombs, tracer bombs, signal bombs, smoke bombs, ignition agents, etc. Phosphides of phosphorus, boron, indium, and gallium are used in the semiconductor industry. 3. Production of other phosphates: used in the metallurgical industry to refine phosphor bronze, phosphorus-containing pig iron, cast iron, etc. Zirconium phosphate, titanium phosphate, silicon phosphate, etc. can be used as coatings, pigments, adhesives, ion exchangers, adsorbents, etc. Sodium phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate are used to purify boiler water, and the latter can also be used to make artificial silk. Sodium hexametaphosphate can be used as a water softener and metal preservative, calcium phosphate salts are used as animal feed additives, and phosphorus derivatives are used in medicine. 4. Other applications: With the widespread use of lithium batteries, the demand for phosphate ore is gradually increasing. Fluorapatite crystal is the most ideal laser emission material, and phosphate glass lasers have been used. 5. Comprehensive utilization: Phosphate ore is often accompanied by uranium, lithium, beryllium, cerium, lanthanum, strontium, gallium, vanadium, titanium, iron ore, etc. Most of them are rare substances urgently needed for the development of cutting-edge industries and can be comprehensively recycled. D. Phosphate mining methods There are two main methods of phosphate mining: open-pit mining and underground mining: Open pit mining Open pit mining is suitable for situations where the ore deposit is shallow, the overburden is thin, and the ore grade is high. This method usually includes the following steps: 1. Surface Clearing: Clearing the surface of the mining area to remove debris and vegetation. 2. Explosive crushing: using blasting technology to break the ore into smaller particles. 3. Excavation and transportation: Use excavators to dig out the crushed ore and transport it to the ore processing plant by transport vehicles. 4. Ore processing: The excavated ore is crushed, screened, washed and processed to obtain ore products that meet the requirements. Underground mining Underground mining is suitable for situations where phosphate deposits are buried deep and the ore distribution is relatively uneven. Compared with open-pit mining, underground mining requires more underground engineering construction, but its mining effect is more stable and the utilization rate of ore resources is higher. The specific steps include: 1. Construction of shafts and tunnels: digging shafts and tunnels underground for the transportation of ore and the entry and exit of personnel. 2. Ore body detection: Detect the occurrence of ore bodies through drilling, geological exploration and other methods to determine the mining plan.Ore body detection: Detect the occurrence of ore bodies through drilling, geological exploration and other methods to determine the mining plan. 3. Ore mining: Explosion, tunneling and other methods are used to extract ore from underground. 4. Ore processing: Similar to open-pit mining, the excavated ore is crushed, screened, washed, and processed to obtain ore products that meet the requirements. E. Phosphate rock processing methods The processing of phosphate rock mainly includes the following steps: 1. Crushing: Crushing the raw ore to a particle size suitable for further processing. 2. Grinding: Grind the crushed ore to make it finer and increase the surface area for subsequent mineral processing. 3. Sorting: Use manual or machine methods to separate the crushed ore into good ore and impurities according to the surface characteristics of the ore. 4. Flotation: The ground ore is placed in a flotation tank together with a flotation agent. The ore and the flotation agent are adsorbed by bubbles, thereby separating the ore from impurities. 5. Desliming: Desliming the ore after flotation to remove the mud and impurities generated during the flotation process. 6. Concentrate treatment: The desludged ore is concentrated to improve the grade of the ore. 7. Tailings treatment: The tailings after concentrate treatment are treated to recover useful minerals or to carry out environmentally friendly treatment. In the process of phosphate rock processing, key technologies include: Equipment selection: In the process of phosphate ore beneficiation, commonly used equipment includes jaw crusher, ball mill, sorting machine, flotation machine, spiral chute, etc. The selection of these equipment needs to consider factors such as the nature of the ore, processing capacity, and energy consumption. F. Impact of phosphate rock processing on the environment and mitigation measures The phosphate rock processing process may cause certain impacts on the environment, including water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution and ecological damage. In order to mitigate these impacts, the following measures can be taken: 1. Establish environmental protection departments and systems: ensure that the phosphate rock processing process complies with environmental protection standards and prevents pollutant emissions. 2. Implement technological transformation and construction of new facilities: adopt advanced processing technologies and equipment to reduce the generation of pollutants. 3. Strengthen safety monitoring and forecasting: monitor environmental changes during the processing process and take timely measures to address potential risks. 4. Increase investment in environmental protection: Invest in environmental protection projects to improve environmental conditions during the treatment process. 5. Reduce pollution sources: optimize treatment processes to reduce the generation of pollutants. 6. Wastewater treatment: Treat the wastewater generated during the treatment process to ensure that the water quality meets the standards before discharge. 7. Solid waste treatment: Properly handle the solid waste generated during the treatment process to avoid pollution to the environment. 8. Green mining concept and construction of demonstration bases: Promote the concept of green mining, build demonstration bases, and demonstrate environmentally friendly and efficient phosphate rock processing technology. 9. Groundwater ecological environment protection and restoration management: protect groundwater resources, repair polluted groundwater, and restore ecological balance. In recent years, phosphate rock processing technology has been continuously innovating, and some new processing methods have emerged, such as photoelectric separation, microbial treatment, dry electrostatic separation, magnetic cover method and selective flocculation process, etc. The application of these new technologies helps to improve the processing efficiency and resource utilization of phosphate rock, while reducing the impact on the environment. https://www.mdoresorting.com/mingde-ai-sorting-machine-separate-quartzmicafeldspar-from-pegmatite As a leading optoelectronic sorting company in China, MINGDE Optoelectronics has launched an artificial intelligence sorting machine that can accurately sort minerals based on their texture, gloss, shape, color and other surface features. This can effectively improve the comprehensive utilization of ores and reduce sorting costs. It is simple to operate and efficient. The only consumption in the mineral processing process is electricity, which is fully in line with the current society's requirements for green environmental protection. G. Summary Phosphate plays an indispensable role in agriculture and industry. With the increase of population and the acceleration of industrialization, the demand for phosphate is expected to continue to grow. In the future, the development and utilization of phosphate will pay more attention to the sustainability of resources and environmental protection. At the same time, with the advancement of technology, the mining and processing efficiency of phosphate is expected to improve, and the comprehensive utilization of resources and circular economy will become an important direction of development. Therefore, the requirements for technological innovation are becoming more and more important. MINGDE has always believed that only through continuous hard research and full communication with people from all walks of life in the mining industry, MINGDE will definitely bring better choices to the ore sorting industry.

The classification and use of ores are very wide. We classify them based on many factors such as the chemical composition, physical properties and industrial applications of minerals. The following are the types of metal ores and non-metallic ores that can be roughly sorted. Metal ore Metal ores are ores containing metal elements or metal compounds, and are mainly used to extract metals. Depending on the metals they contain, metal ores can be subdivided into the following categories: 1. Precious metal ores: such as gold, silver, platinum group metal ores, etc., are mainly used in the manufacture of jewelry, currency reserves and some high-tech products. 2. Non-ferrous metal ores: including copper, lead, zinc, aluminum, etc., which are widely used in wires and cables, building materials, automobile manufacturing, aircraft manufacturing, electronic products and other fields. 3. Ferrous metal ores: such as iron ore, manganese ore, and chromium ore, which are mainly used in the production of steel and other alloys. 4. Rare metal ores: such as tantalum, niobium, lithium, etc., are crucial to high-tech industries such as electronics, aerospace, and new energy vehicles. 5. Radioactive ores: such as uranium ore and thorium ore, which are mainly used in nuclear power generation and medical fields. After mining, crushing, beneficiation and refining, these ores can be refined into metals, which are processed into various products and widely used in various industries such as construction, machinery manufacturing, electronics, transportation, aerospace, etc. Non-metallic ores Non-metallic ores contain no or almost no metal elements. They either provide industrial raw materials or are used as decorative and building materials. 1. Chemical raw material ores: such as phosphate rock, potash, limestone, etc., used in the manufacture of fertilizers and chemical products. 2. Gemstones and decorative stones: such as diamonds, rubies, jade, marble, granite, etc., used in jewelry and architectural decoration. 3. Building material ores: such as gypsum, quartz sand, and limestone, used in cement, glass manufacturing and the construction industry. 4. Ceramic and refractory ores: such as kaolin and clay, used to make ceramic utensils and high-temperature resistant materials. 5. Energy minerals: such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Although they do not strictly belong to the traditional mineral classification, they are also important natural resources and are mainly used for energy supply. In addition to being used as a building material, it is also used to manufacture chemicals, medicines, cosmetics, ceramic products, glass products, etc. It is also widely used in agriculture, environmental protection and high-tech industries. In summary, ores are various and have a wide range of uses. From metal ores to non-metallic ores, from energy ores to construction ores and chemical raw material ores, they all play an important role in their respective fields. The mining and utilization of ores is one of the foundations of modern industrial society. However, the mining process needs to consider environmental protection and sustainable development. With the advancement of science and technology and the development of industry, human demand for ores will continue to increase, and the mining and utilization of ores will become more efficient and environmentally friendly. In order to make full use of various metal and non-metallic ore resources, suitable mineral processing technology is selected for separation in combination with the physical and chemical characteristics of the ore. At present, the common mineral processing methods are mainly the following: Flotation: It is a method of separation by treating the physical and chemical properties of the ore surface to make the minerals selectively attach to bubbles. In the process of mineral processing, especially in the treatment of non-ferrous metal ores (such as copper, lead, zinc, sulfur, molybdenum, etc.), flotation is widely used. In addition, some ferrous metals, rare metals and non-metallic ores (such as graphite ore, apatite, etc.) can also be treated by flotation. Gravity separation: It is a method of separation based on the relative density (also called specific gravity) of minerals. By applying fluid dynamics and various mechanical forces in a moving medium (such as water or air), the concentrators of different densities can create suitable loose stratification and separation conditions, thereby achieving the separation of mineral particles of different densities. Magnetic separation: It is a method of separating ores by using the magnetic difference of minerals to generate different forces in the magnetic field of the magnetic separator. It is mainly used for the separation of ferrous metal ores (such as iron, manganese, and chromium), and can also be used for the separation of non-ferrous metal and rare metal ores. Electrostatic separation: It is a separation method based on the difference in the electrical conductivity of minerals. By placing the minerals in a high-voltage electric field, the electrostatic force acts differently due to the different electrical conductivity of the minerals, thereby achieving the separation of minerals. This method is mainly used for the separation of rare metals, non-ferrous metals and non-metallic ores, especially in the separation of sub-mixed coarse concentrates, such as scheelite and cassiterite, zircon, tantalite and niobium ore. Chemical beneficiation: It is a beneficiation technology that uses chemical methods to change the mineral composition and then enriches the target components through other methods. For example, copper ore containing malachite can be leached with dilute sulfuric acid to convert malachite into copper sulfate solution. By replacing the copper ions in the solution with iron filings, metallic copper (sponge copper) can be obtained. Chemical beneficiation is one of the effective methods for processing and comprehensively utilizing some poor, fine, and impure mineral raw materials that are difficult to be selected. It is also one of the important ways to make full use of mineral resources, solve the problems of wastewater, waste residue, and waste gas treatment, realize waste recycling, and protect the environment. Microbial beneficiation: also known as bacterial beneficiation, is a beneficiation method that uses microorganisms such as iron-oxidizing bacteria, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, and silicate bacteria to remove iron, sulfur, silicon and other elements from ores. By using iron-oxidizing bacteria to oxidize iron, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria to oxidize sulfur, and silicate bacteria to decompose silicon in bauxite, the purpose of desulfurization, iron removal and silicon removal can be achieved. In addition, microbial beneficiation can also be used to recover metals such as copper, uranium, cobalt, manganese, and gold. https://www.mdoresorting.com/mingde-ai-sorting-machine-separate-phosphorite-ore Photoelectric beneficiation: It is a beneficiation method that uses the physical characteristics of the ore to be beneficiated and the gangue to identify and sort. It uses a combination of machinery and electricity to separate minerals by imitating the action of hand selection. It uses the differences in the reflection and transmittance of light of different minerals, such as color, texture, shape, gloss, spots, density and other characteristic differences for identification and sorting. The ore is mainly separated after passing through the feeding system, photoelectric system, electric control system and sorting system. As a leader in the photoelectric mineral processing industry, Mingde Optoelectronics has launched a series of equipment, involving five series and more than 20 types of equipment, mainly artificial intelligence sorting machines, ore color sorting machines, mineral sand sorting machines, X-ray intelligent sorting machines, foreign body removal robots and other products. At present, it is widely used in metal and non-metallic minerals such as quartz, potassium feldspar, calcite, calcium carbonate, dolomite, fluorite, talc, wollastonite, bauxite, pegmatite quartz, limestone, calcium oxide, sponge titanium, silicon slag, gold mine, pebbles, phosphate rock, silica, brucite, tungsten tailings, coal gangue, coal-bearing kaolin, etc.!

As the core link of ore utilization in the ore industry, ore sorting plays a vital role in improving ore grade and recovery rate. However, with the reduction of high-grade and easy-to-mine ores and the increasing cost of ore sorting, these are two major problems that plague mining companies. Therefore, how to adopt appropriate ore dressing methods and reduce ore dressing costs have become issues that companies need to solve urgently. In order to achieve the best ore processing effect, mining companies can reduce the cost of ore sorting by choosing the ore sorting process. At the beginning of the process design, it is necessary to select according to the ore characteristics and design a suitable and efficient ore dressing process. At the same time, due to the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection, energy-saving and environmentally friendly ore sorting technology should be adopted to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution, and reduce ore processing costs. First of all, the ores can be divided into the following categories according to their characteristics: 1. Physical characteristics of ore The physical characteristics of ore are mainly divided into color, shape, texture, hardness, magnetism, density, etc. Different beneficiation methods can be selected according to the physical characteristics of the ore. For ores with large differences in mineral density, such as barite, hematite, asbestos, mica, kaolin, etc., heavy media can be used for beneficiation; magnetic separation is often used for magnetite and pyrrhotite with strong magnetism, semi-pseudo-hematite with medium magnetism, some ilmenite, chromite, and weakly magnetic hematite and rhodochrosite; fluorite, talc, wollastonite, silica, lithium ore, quartz, potassium feldspar, etc. with large differences in appearance characteristics such as color, texture, shape, and gloss often use photoelectric separation. 2. Chemical characteristics of ore Different ores have different chemical characteristics, such as composition, acidity and alkalinity. For example, copper oxide ore is often separated and flotated, while gold ore is extracted by amalgamation, cyanide, thiourea, high temperature chlorination and other methods. 3. Structural characteristics of ore Ore structure refers to the characteristics of mineral particles in the ore:the shape, relative size, inter-embedded relationship of mineral particles or the inter-embedded relationship between mineral particles and mineral aggregates. For example, for impregnated copper-sulfur ore, the preferential flotation process is adopted, and the tailings after copper flotation must be flotted with sulfur again. 4. Ore Origin Environmental Characteristics Different types of ores are formed in different production environments. For example, the Yuanshanzi nickel-molybdenum ore is of sedimentary metamorphic hydrothermal transformation type. According to the characteristics of the ore, rock crushing, roasting, and flotation with reagents are selected. For example, the sedimentary barite ore in Jingtieshan, Huashugou, Sunan, Gansu and Baiyuxiacun, Sichuan, as well as the hydrothermal barite ore associated with sulfide ores and fluorite, are separated by flotation in addition to gravity separation. Ore pre-selection experiment Ore dressing experiments are an important basis for formulating correct ore sorting technology and determining ore sorting equipment. Through ore dressing experiments, ore dressing processes can be optimized and ore dressing costs can be reduced. When conducting ore dressing experiments, a reasonable test plan should be formulated according to ore characteristics and ore sorting requirements, the test process should be optimized, and the test efficiency and accuracy should be improved. During the test, the following points should be noted: 1. Experimental samples should be representative samples of the ore body to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the experiment. 2. The experiment simulated the actual production conditions as much as possible. 3. Conduct statistics and analysis on experimental data, optimize mineral processing process parameters and equipment, and improve mineral processing efficiency and recovery rate. How to choose mineral processing equipment https://www.mdoresorting.com/heavy-duty-ai-ore-sorting-machine-ore-sorter-mineral-separator-sorting-38cm-particles Ore sorting equipment is the key equipment in the mineral processing process. When selecting equipment, it is necessary to fully consider the characteristics and requirements of the ore to select the appropriate equipment. In the process of selecting equipment, performance and cost should be given priority, and factors such as equipment life, wearing parts and operation and maintenance costs should also be considered. At the same time, the choice of manufacturer is also very important, whether it is a professional provider of mining equipment. For example, MINGDE Optoelectronics specializes in the research and development and production of photoelectric mineral processing equipment. Develop a reasonable mineral processing process Formulating a reasonable process during the mineral processing is the key to ensuring the mineral processing effect and reducing the mineral processing cost. Reasonable control of each link can effectively reduce losses and operation and maintenance costs. The specific measures are as follows: 1. Reduce equipment overload and wear. 2. Strictly control the operating parameters of mineral processing equipment. 3. Formulate scientific and reasonable maintenance plans for different equipment, and conduct regular inspections and maintenance to effectively extend the service life of the equipment. In summary, reducing the cost of mineral processing and mineral processing technology should be done from multiple aspects and angles, including reasonable mineral processing process, suitable equipment, control of mineral processing process, rigorous mineral processing experiments, etc. Only by combining various factors,we can the reduction of mineral processing costs and the sustainable development of mining enterprises be achieved.